
Class _ ^6 ^^_ , 



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59th Congress I 
2d Session ( 



SENATE 



I Document 
I No. 404 



Arthur Pue Gorman 



iLate a Sijiialor from Maryfandi 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 

Fifty-ninth Congress 
Second Session 



SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 
February 1, 1907 



HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 
February 2, 1907 



Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing 



WASHINGTON : : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : : 1907 



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TABLE ( )K CONTENTS. 



Proceedings in the Senate S 

Prayer by Rev. I'lysse.s (i. B. Pierce 5. 7 

.\ddress of Mr. Rayner, of Maryland . 9 

.\ddress of Mr. .\ldrich, of Rhode Island 21 

Address of Mr. Clay, of Georgia 24 

.\ddress of Mr. Hale, of Maine 35 

.\ddre.ss of Mr. Culloni, of Illinois _V*^ 

.\ildress of Mr. Blackburn, of Kentucky 45 

.■\ddre.ss of Mr. Krye, of Maine 51 

.address of Mr. ( )vernian, of North Carolina 53 

-Address of Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 5.S 

.\ddress of Mr. Whyte, of Maryland 64 

Proceedings in the House 66 

Prayer by Rev. Henry N. Couden 68 

.■\ddre.ss of Mr. Talbott, of Maryland 71 

.\ddress of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois 77 

.\ddress of Mr. Clark, of Missouri 81 

.\ddress of Mr, .Smith, of Maryland .S7 

.\ddress of Mr. Living.ston, of Georgia . .S9 

.\ddress of ;\Ir. Clayton, of Alabama . 90 

Addre.ss of Mr. Towne, of New York 94 

.\ddress of Mr. Byrd, of Mi.ssissippi 103 

.\ddress of Mr. ( "roulden, of New York 110 

.\ddress of Mr. Gill, nf Maryland 112 



Death of Senator Arthur P. Gorman 



PROCEEDINGS IN THE SENATE 

Monday, June /, igo6. 

Rev. I'lysses G. B. Pierce, of tlie city of Washington, offered 
the f(.)llo\ving prayer: 

We come into Thy presence, our Father, with hearts veiled 
with sorrow. But it is not as if Thy Un-e were taken from us 
or Thy power had failed, for we are still Th\- children, Thou 
still our Father. 

Renew our days as of old. Cause the li^ht of Th\' counte- 
nance to .shine upon us. Let Thy grace strengthen ns, and 
through the cloud lead us into the light that never was on land 
or .sea. vSo, our F'ather, wilt thou turn our mourning into joy 
and (lur tears into thanksgiving. Amen. 

Mr, Bailey. Mr. President, in the absence of the surviving 
Senator from Maryland, it becomes my painful duty to announce 
the deatli of Senator Gorman. The end which awaits us all 
found him this morning. At his residence in this city, sur- 
roiuided by his stricken family, he passed from the strife and 
bitterness of this world to the peace and rest of a better one, 

I would ask the .Senate to honor his long and faithful service 
as a riiember of this body by holding a public funeral in the 
Senate Chamber except for the fact that he has left instruction 
that his burial shall be a simple one. In obedience to his 



6 Ahiiiiiridl .lihlri-ssis : Arthur /'. (inninrii 

v\isht-s, I forbear to make an_\- request further thau to ask the 
adopliou of the resohitions which I send to the desk. 

At some later time Senator Ra>ner, who learned of Senator 
Gok.man's death when it was too late for him to reach the 
Chamlier for this morning's session, will ask us to set apart a 
da\ upon which the Senate will pay a fitting tribute to the 
memory and ser\'ices of our deceased associate. 

The \'ick-Pkksii)Knt. The Secretary will read the resolu- 
tions suhmitteil li\- the Senator from Texas. 

The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows: 

A'i\\(i/:',i/, Tli.it the SL-Tiatt- lias heard with profound sorrow of the death 
of Hon. .\RTHrR PcK <'.oK.M.\N, late a Senator from the vState of Maryland. 

/\fsiil:'t\!. That a cunnnittee of .seventeen Senators be appointed by the 
Vice-President tn take order for superintending the funeral of Mr. GoR- 
M.\N, wliich will take place at his late residence, Thur.sdav, June 7, at ii 
o'clock, and that the .Senate will attend the same. 

/\'t-iol:vd. That as a further mark of respect that his remains be removed 
from liis late home to the place of iuternient in Oak Hill Cemeterv for 
l)urial, in charge of the Serj:;eant-at-Arms, attended by the committee, 
who shall have full power to carry these resolutions into effect: and that 
till- necessary expen.ses in connection therewith be paid out of the con- 
tingent fund of the Senate. 

A'(V('/:vi/, That the Secretary ctmnnunicate a copy of these resolutions 
to tile House of Representatives. 

The \'lCE-PKEsn)EN'T. The question is on agreeing to the 
rescjlntions read by the Secretary-. 

The resolutions were inianimousl\ agreed to. 

The \"ick-President appointed as the committee, under the 
second resolution, Mr. Ra>-ner, Mr. Allison, Mr. Morgan, Mr. 
Hale, Mr. Aldrich, Mr, Teller, Mr. (iallinger, Mr. Hlkiiis, 
Mr. Martin, Mr. Tillman, Mr. Cla\ , Mr. .Spooner, Mr. Keau, 
Mr. ]?ailey, Mr. Hlackburn, Mr. Clark of Montana, and Mr. 
C)verman. 

Mr. H.xiLEV. Mr. President, as a mark of further re.spect to 
the memory of Senator Cokm.xx, I move that the Senate do 
now adjourn. 



The niotiiiii waN ai;reecl to; and (at 12 oclock and 10 
iiiimiles p. 111. ) the Senate adjournetl until td-niorrow, Tues(_la\', 
June 5. 1906, at 12 o'clnck meridian. 

Tl'KSD.VV. /////(• 5, f'ji>6, 

A niessajJe fr(ini the House of Representatives, 1)\- Mr. W. J. 
]^>ro\vninv;, its Chief Clerk, transmitted to the Senate the reso- 
lutions uf the Hou.se on the death of Hon. Akthtk Puk 
CrdKiM.w, late a Senator from the .State of Mar>-land. 

The message also announced that the .Speaker of the House 
had appointed Mr. J. Fred C. Talhott, Mr. John Cdll, jr.; 
Mr. Thomas A. Smith, of Maryland; Mr. Sydney E. Mudd, 
Mr. Frank C. W'achter, Mr. George A. Pearre, Mr. John S. 
Williams, Mr. Leonidas F. Livingston, Mr. Thomas 15. Davis, 
of West Virginia; Mr. vSamuel M. Robertson, Mr. John A. 
Moon, of Tennessee- Mr. John H. Stephens, of Texas; Mr. 
C L. P.artlett, Mr. J. W. Babcock, Mr. Theodore I{. Uurton, 
of ( )lii(:: Mr. James M. (Vriggs, and Mr. John F'. Rixev, mem- 
bers (if the committee on the part of the House to attend the 
funeral. 

Wkdxksii.w, Jiiiu- ^. iQ('f>. 

Mr. H.vi.K. -Mr. Presitleiit, in view of the funeral of the 
late .Senator from Mar\land to-morrow, I move that when the 
.Senate adjourns to-dav it he to meet at 2 o'clock to-morrow. 

The motion was agreed to. 

Thi'KSDAY, /««<■ 7, i(jo6. 

The .Senate met at 2 o'clock p. m. 

Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, of the city of Washington, offered 
the foll<:)wing prayer: 

From the house of sorrow, our Father, we come to the house 
of lal)or. So doth Thou lead us from the things to be borne to 
the things to be done. And as'Thou hast given us Thy grace 



8 Memorial .Addresses : .Irtliur P. (loriiiaii 

luimhh- to bow Ijefore Thy good providence, so we beseech Thee 
vouchsafe unto us Thy strength, that we may steadfastly lay 
hold of Thy purposes till Thy kingdom shall come and Thy will 
be done on earth, even as it is in heaven, Anien. 

Tm'KSDAV, /mniarv J , 'Q'lJ. 
Mr. Rayxhk. Mr. President, I desire to give notice that on 
Saturda>'. January 26, 1907, inunediateh- after the routine morn- 
ing business, I shall ask the Senate to consider resolutions in 
connnemoration of the life, character, and pul)lic services of 
my late colleague, Hon. Akthuk Pik (h)r.m.\x. 

Fkid.vy, fanuarv ^j, iqoj. 
Mr. R.WNKK. Mr. President, I desire to gi\'c notice that on 
next Friday. Feljruary i, at half past 2 o'clock, I will submit 
resciluticins coniniemorative <if the public services of the late 
vSenator Gorman. The .services were to have taken ])lace 
tomorrow, but have Ijeen iniavoidaljly post])oned. 

F'kid.ay, Fcbruaiv 1 . kjoJ- 
Mr. R.VYXKR. Mr. President, I submit the resolutions which 
1 send to the desk, and ask for their adoption. 

The \'ice-PresidenT. The Secretary will read the resolu- 
tions. 

The resolutions were read, and unanimou.sly agreed to, as 
follows; 

A'l'so/i'n/, That the Senate has heard with profouml sorrow of tlie 
death of Hon. .\RTHrR PuE Gorm.\n, late a Senator from the Stale of 
Maryland. 

Resolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the (lecea.sed 
the business of the .Senate be now suspended to enable his associates 
to pay proper tribute to his hijfh character ami ilislinjjuished public 
services. 

Resolz'ed. That tlie .Secretary commmiicate these resolutions to the 
House of Representatives. 



MEMORIAL Addresses 



Address of Mr. Rayner, of Maryland 

Mr. I^KESIDENT: This is one of the iiian\- recurring- occa- 
sions upon which this body is called together to pay tritnite to 
the memory of its departed members. It is proper that these 
proceedings should take place because it seems to me that the 
dead are so soon forgotten now beyond the immediate circle 
that surrounds them, that it is well in cases where men in ])ub- 
lic life have Vjeen of service to their countr\' that there should 
be .some public reminder and memorial of their deeds. Senator 
Gorman was for a long time a distinguished figure here. He 
was, dtiring the greater part of his political career, the recog- 
nized leader of the Democratic party in his State, and for some 
years its leader in the Nation, and it is entireh' within the 
boinids to .say that during all this time he exercised a com- 
manding influence in the cotuicils of his party, and \>y virtue of 
his long experience and sagacity occupied a mo.st prominent 
position amongst its foremost men. He pos.se.ssed to a remark- 
able degree the qttalifications of political leadership. 

The question is often asked, What are the constituent ele- 
ments that constitute the.se qualifications? This is a difficult 
cjuestion to answer. Political leaders in a great degree resemble 
all other leaders in the various walks of war and peace — in the 
professions, in literature, and in the ranks of commercial enter- 
prise and business activity. They are born, not made. A man, 

9 



lo McDioria/ .LMrcssfs: ArlJiiir /'. Gorman 

if he has the talent for this vocation, may cultivate and de\-elop 
it. Init I have never believed that he could create it. It is a 
])ecnliar u;ift that is made up of so man3- parts that tlie absence 
of any one of them wdidd fail to produce the whole. The entire 
combination in its natural and delicate proportions must exist 
in order to bring about the effect that is known as leadership. 
It is a power of mind and singularity of temperament united. 

Senator (tOkm.\x, at an early age. appeared upon the politi- 
cal arena and he received his training from the masters of the 
art. His preceptors were the formidable chieftains of the ear- 
lier days who formulated great political principl&s and pioneered 
the way through the wilderness often without any guide or 
compass to direct them upon their journey. Parly lines were 
then closelx' drawn, and the first le.s.son that Senator (rOKMAX 
learned was the lesson of discipline. He carried it through 
life with him. It is very difficult fur anyone to era.se impres- 
sions that have thus been stamped upon him, and the instruc- 
tions tliat we receive and the opinions we form and the conx'ic- 
tions we acquire as our intellectual faculties are being ileveloped, 
as a rule, become indelible in our niaturer N-ears. 

C)ur political sentimeuts are generally bequeathed to us, and 
even our religious faith comes to us from the remotest ancestry-. 
In our beliefs, as well as in our habits, we are ofteu the subjects 
of a fate as unbending and inexorable as the laws of nature. 
Senator Gorm.vn was trained in a school in which party loyalty 
was the alphabet and the curricuhnn and the test and passport 
for honor and promotion. He was naturally a mau of positive 
purpose and of remarkable power of will, but he always believed 
in the doctrine that the party was greater than the individual, 
and if there was a difference of opinion it was the duty of the 
iudi\idual to surrender and sacrifice his own \iews at the altars 
of his party lo>aIt\- and allegiance. At the time when he first 



Address of' Mr. Ray iter, ofMary/aiid ii 

Ijccaiuc jnomiiieiitl)- active in part\' affairs, all ihe threat jioliti- 
cal leaders were iinlmed with these ideas and had been the dis- 
ciples of that school. At present the political tide has changed 
and there is a vast liody of independent voters in this country 
wild fluctuate according to the men and measures that are 
presented to their suffrages. 

Citizens with these proclivities work to a greater advantage 
in State and numicipal politics than they do in national con- 
troversies, and we nuist all admit that their influence has heeii 
producti\'e of the greatest good in the various communities in 
which they appear. One thing is certain, however, and that is, 
in time of heated part\" conflict a party to succeed must have 
di.scipline, organization, and leadership, and it was in tlie heat 
of party conflict that Senator (xORMAN exhibited his talents 
and accomplishments. When others became disconcerted he 
preserved his equanimity, and by his unruffled demeanor and 
his undisturbed self-pos.session infu.sed courage and confidence 
amon.g his followers, and at times when defeat seemed immi- 
nent and his supporters were discouraged and di.smayed and 
his hosts were trembling, his gift of leadership appeared to the 
best advantage. He may have felt doubtful about the result; 
he may have clearly jierceived that there was danger threaten- 
ing, but if these thoughts occupied his mind, he never betra\-ed 
them, and he never disclosed them. e\-en t<i those who were 
m(.)st inti.iiately as.sociated with him in the mana.gement of 
party affairs. 

If I could properly summarize what political leadership meant 
in his ca.se, I would speak of it as follows: It meant the power 
to analyze the situation and not to be deceived by misleading 
appearances, and the faculty of di.scerning the true condition of 
public opinion. It carried with it necessaril\- a degree of per- 
sonal magnetism that often turned his bitterest enemies into his 



12 Memorial Addrfssrs : .Irlliiir }'. (Joriiiaii 

wannest friends. It meant courage and judgment at critical 
periods and in the hour of emergency, and, what is greater than 
all, it meant what I call, for the want of a better name, the 
genius of organization. Tliis genius of organization is an 
endowment and not an aciiuirement. Some men of great force 
and intellect possess it, while with others .similarly equipped 
it is entirely wanting. It is the power and the instrument of 
.system and of method. The man who wields this weapon must 
he a man of purpose, of reserve, and of equililirium. .Senator 
Gorman posse.ssed all these attributes. It requires a thorough 
insight into human nature. It is the peculiar skill of accom- 
jilishing those things that are demanded by circumstances and 
the tact to make the best use of opportunities and occasions as 
the\' ])re.sent themselves. It demands a fixed purpose and a 
steady nerve and a resourcefid mind, and then, above all these 
things, comes the ability to instill into your suijordinates the 
inspiration of your example and to infuse into the mas.ses to 
whom you look for results the zeal and enthusiasm that are the 
accompaniments of success. 

Of course a man who has occupied, like Senator Gorman, a 
position of this sort is bound to create ho.stility. Like every- 
one else similarh- situated he had hosts of friends and hosts of 
enemies. There is one thing remarkable about his career, 
however, and that is he had few, if any, personal enemies. 
The elements that were inimical to him entertained no un- 
friendly feeling toward him personally. 

As a rule every political leader is surrounded b\- a retinue 
of friends who follow him in order to participate with him iu 
his victorie.s and often desert and betray him when disaster 
overtakes him. Senator Gorm.\n',s .situation was peculiar iu 
this re.spect. He had made friends who were as loyal to him 
when his fortunes wa\-ered as thev were in the hour of his 



Address of Afr. Rav>'('i\ ofMarylanti 13 

ureatest triumph. At one of the larjjest political meetings held 
in our State during the last Congressional canvass the mention 
of his name elicited as much applause from the ranks of the 
party as if his living figure had stood before the asseml)lage. 
He always believed in the precept, " The friends thou hast and 
their adoption tried, grapple them to th>- soul with hooks of 
steel." 

His force was that of attraction and not of repulsion. With- 
out being demon.strative, his bearing was at all times genial, 
his carriage and intercour.se with his fellow-men were without 
the .slightest pomp or pageantr>-, and he was always access- 
ible to the humblest one of his con.stituents. He never sat in 
state, and he gathered no delight whatever from displa> or 
ostentation. He had too nuich wisdom for pride or \-anily 
or exaltation. X'anit)- is generally the attribute of weak 
minds and of persons who glide along the surface — those who 
are thoughtful and profound are as a rule humble and lowl\-. 
.Some one said of Francis Bacon that he was fraught with 
all the learning of the past and almost prescient of the future, 
but too wise not to know his weakness and too philo.sophic 
not to feel his ignorance. 

Mr. CiORM.'\N was devoted to his work in the Senate. He had 
dedicated to it the best years and energies of his life and had 
thoroughly understood and mastered it. Senators who served 
with him up(.)n committees here will bear testimon\- to his faith- 
ful attention to the duties that devolved upon him, his untiring 
industry, his assiduous consideration of ever>- practical problem 
that was submitted to him, his capacity for constructive legisla- 
tion, the analytical methods that he pursued in his work, and 
the experience that he brought to play in dealing with imjior- 
tant (juestions of governmental exjienditures, and his faculty- of 
sunnnarizing propositions upon this floor in a manner that made 
them easily comprehended. 



14 Mcitinrial . Iiyc/rcssrs : Artliiir /'. (ioriiiaii 

W'lit-n we think ol it, his career was a remarkable one. He 
had risen from an humble position in this Ijody to the highest 
and most commanding station. It was not the extraneous 
influence of good fortune that had \-isited upon him the suc- 
cessive preferments that lie received, nor did he claim the 
advantage of a great ancestral line from whom he might have 
derived the heritage of honor and fame. He advanced from 
])lace to place, first in the general as.semV)ly, then to the leader- 
ship of the j)arty organization in his State, then to the Senate 
here, and his leadership of Ids party, and then to the ccinuiiand 
of his party forces in the country, simply because he possessed 
the j)ower and the (inalifications that entitled him to these 
distinctions. These ])laces were not .gifts to him, nor awarded 
to him becau.se of an\- seniority of service in ranks of his part},-, 
nor in accordance with any rule, custom, or usage, but because 
it was discerned by those who knew him Ije.st and were fullv 
capable of judging of his merits that he had the natural quali- 
fications to successfully perform the.se important functions, and 
in his jialnu'days he never disappointed his followers and ne\-er 
fell below the expectations that were entertained of him. 

If I were asked to select the most important service that our 
lamented friend rendered to his party beyond these halls I 
would refer to the part he took in the election of Mr. Cleveland 
for President. His tirele.ss and ince.ssant work \\\mm this occa- 
sion will be long remembered — that is to say, it should be 
remembered. I do not believe that at a time of this sort it is 
jiroper to indulge in undue adulation of tho.se who.se memorv 
we are honoring or to bestow exaggerated prai.se abo\-e what 
merit calls for, and I am sure that vSenator CxOKM.ax, if he were 
lixing, would not appreciate any laudator}- statements (.)f an\- 
services that he had ever performed, either for his part\- or his 
country, that he was not fully entitled to. I will, therefore. 



.-IMrcss (//' J/r. /\aviifi\ of MaiyliUid 15 

not say that liis efforts elected Mr. Clevelaiul to the PresiileiiC)-, 
but I will, without hesitation, say that he did more than any 
other single individual toward the consummation of that vic- 
torv. He was an untiring worker when he a])plied himself to 
the accomplishment of any purpose that he had in view — cov- 
ering every detail of the prcj.Lcramme before him and not over- 
looking the slightest minuti;e that could Ijc of an}- advantage 
to him whatever. 

In this contest he had before him a political .geograjthy of 
the United States, with all of its territory and en\-ironment. 
He studied every State, cit>-, and di.strict where there was a 
hope of Democratic success. He kept in constant ^•iew every 
stronghold of his own party and every weak and unprotected 
point in the fortifications of the enemy. He permitted no spot 
to escajie him where it was possible to make an inroad upon 
the po.sse.ssions of the foe. He brought him.self into personal 
contact with all the party leaders all over the land. He dis- 
missed from his consideration every place where success was 
impossible and effected a thorough organization in all jilaces 
where there was a hope of victory. It was an enormous work 
of immense proportions, and the result demon.strated that in 
its prosecution and its triumphant termination he simply out- 
generaled the chieftains of the Repulilican ])art>', and workin.g 
at a disadvantage against them overcame them by the craft and 
skill of his political leadership. Of course, the Democratic 
ho.sts were with him, and the independent vote of the country 
was really the balance of power that decided the contest, but 
beyond it all was a thorough and ])erfect organization, disci- 
ciplined and marshaled by vSenator Gormax. 

If I were asked to name the most valuable service that lie 
rendered to his part\' — and I Itelieve to the country — in the 
Senate, I would immediatelv select his memorable work in 



l6 Mcuiorial Addresses: Arthur P. norinaii 

counectiou with the defeat of the measure known as the force 
bill in the Fift3--first Congress. I think the Republican Sen- 
ators upon this floor have long ago arrived at the conclusion 
that the passage of this bill would have been detrimental to the 
best interests of the people. Whatever diiTerences of opinion 
existed at the time in connection therewith when partv .spirit 
ran high, it is my judgment now that the result of the great 
.struggle has been accepted as final by the intelligence and 
])atriotism of the Repulilican jiarty. At the time, however, it 
was as fierce a conflict as ever engaged the attention of the 
country, and with the fate of the enactment trembling in the 
balance during many months there was a period of greafe^jpite- 
ment, and party sentiment was aroused to an inten.se degree, 
and int(j this conflict Senator (rOK.M.\x threw himself with an 
earne.stness of purpo.se that can never be forgotten. 

He was the leader of his party in that contest, and if it had 
not Ijeen for his devotion to the cause he was championing, for 
his parliamentar\- skill in the resourceful attacks which he 
made when defeat seemed certain, and for the restless labor he 
underwent throughout the wearisome days of that momentous 
period, we might to-day, instead of having the vSouth united in 
the interest of the l"nion and pervaded by a spirit of patriotism 
as earnest and as ardent as any that tlirobs in the heart of an\- 
other section of this country, have every one of her Connnon- 
wealths submerged in ruin and disaster, with their spirits 
broken, their enterprise retarded, and their entire territor\-, 
with the glorious progress that awaits it, con\-erted into a deso- 
lated and subjugated political province. 

I desire to refer now to one of the qualities of his private life 
which deserves mention. I have been informed b\- friends of 
Senator Gokm.\n, wIk) were upon terms of the closest intimacy 
with him. that, while he did not indulge in a.\\\ ostentatious 



Address ofMr. Rayinr, of Maryland 17 

acts of philanthrop> , he was constantl\- engaged in acts of 
private l)enevolence and charity, and that any appeal of poverty 
or of suffering always awakened his tenderest sympathy and 
his ready response. This is the heart and essence of true 
religion. When the time arrives for lis to take a final reck- 
oning with our life and balance the account, deeds like this 
are of more priceless value than all the accomplishments of 
ambition and all the achievements of fortune and fame, 
and all the possessions of power and of worldly glory and 

renown. 

For modes of faith let graceless zealots fight: 
His can't be wrong whose life is in the right. 

I come now briefly to another phase of Senator Gokbian's 
life which I shall pa.ss over tenderly, because I think it is 
too sacred for intrusioii, even upon an occa.sion of this .sort. 
The best impulses of his heart seemed to radiate around the 
glare of his fireside and the circle of his famih". His hap- 
piest and most contented hours were passed among those to 
whom he was bound b>- the bonds of affection and for whose 
comfort and well-being he was at all times prepared to make 
any .sacrifice invoked by love or dut)'. He found but slight 
amu.sement and took only a passing interest in the pleasures 
of the world, and he centered his deepest devotion upon the 
altar of his home, and his fondest hopes clustered around 
tho.se who looked to him for aid and for counsel as they 
grew to manhood and womanhood under his fostering care. 

I believe that if vSenator Gorm.\x at any time would have 
been required to have taken his choice between the accom- 
plishment of his own ambition and his duty to tho.se depend- 
ent upon him he would not have hesitated a moment in 
making the election. As full of ambition as he was, he 
would have abandoned the worship of its idols for the id<ils 
S. Hoc. 404, 59-2 2 



l8 Mni/orid/ .Ic/drcssrs : Arlliur P. Citrunin 

(if liis household. ( )ur home is reall\' the hohest spot on 
earth. It is the oasis in tlie trackless desert and the foun- 
tain amidst the parched and thirsty longine;s for restless 
power and aspirations tinattained. As years %o by the fleet- 
ing;' ])hantoms of political honor recede from view and we 
.<a;ladly retrace our steps to the temple we ha\e reared — our 
own architecture — so that we ma\- strentfthen its ]>illars and 
rear its .spires toward the sky. 

There is no word or phrase in any lan^uayje, dead or li\-- 
ing. that I know of that carries with it the full significance 
of the English word "home." It is not capable of transla- 
tion, or even of definition or interpretation, and I hope, 
therefore, that the day will never come when an\- icouocla.st 
will change the orthiigraph\- of that An.glo-Saxon term and 
destroy the memories and imager>- that cluster around its 
meaning. 

And now his jiilgrimage is ended and he is in his eternal 
liomc, where the mystery i-^ unfolded — a m>ster\- that neither 
philosophy nor .science has ever solved. We have unbosomed 
the secrets of the earth and expcsed the cycles of geologic time 
and gazed into re\'olving jjlanets, but we .stand aghast and 
dumb at the problem of man's creation. W'e can e-\plain from 
a natural standpoint almost exerything except the most \-ital 
of them all, and that is the problem of our exi.stence. Upon 
this subject we can gather as much information from the unlet- 
tered .savage as we can from the profoinidest thought that ever 
dawned upon the earth. The most learned scientist of the 
present age has written a volume entitled ' ' The Riddle of the 
I'niverse," in which he has es.sayed modestly to .solve the 
riddle, and the last pa.ge of this remarkable production leaves 
us absolutely forlorn, comfortless, and deserted, the human 
heart without an aspiration, and the univer.se an utter scene of 
desolation. 



.■]/Mnss of M)-. I\iiv>iei\ of Maryliiiid 19 

The (leniian pllilosoplier, (Tdetlic, thf profniiiKk-st student of 
liis age, when one of his companions was coniniunicalini;- to 
■ him his doubts upon tlie authenticity of re\'ealed rehgion, said, 
" My friend, give me some faith — I have sufficient doubts of my 
own without recpiiring them to be supplemented." The c>-nic, 
Ralielais, exclaimed, "Ring down the curtain; the farce is 
done." vSpinoza, the outlaw of the synagogue and the great- 
est of them all, stood like a solitary sentinel upon the confines 
of the universe in comnuinion with his Creator and constructed 
a system wliich has made him the idol of the philosophical 
world. 

Mr. President, I have pored for years over this cheerless 
desire of human thought, and while I am a firm l3elie\'er in the 
aljsolute liberty of thought, I can sa_\ , what has been well .said 
upon another occasion, that \\\\ warm love of genuine liberty 
has ne\'er chilled me into rel)ellion with its author, and so I be- 
lieve it was with our departed friend. 

That is the impression he left on me upon the last occasion 

when I met him. I questioned him then in regard to his 

health and, wliile I had the gloomiest forebodings of the mortal 

malady that seemed to encom])ass him within its grasp, I 

was extremely careful not to conuniniicate m\- thoughts, or 

to give him the slightest evidence of w\\ feelings in that regard. 

He was a man of courage, and when he informed me that his 

physician had admonished him that his heart was seriously and 

perhaps fatally involved, one of the most beautiful of all jwetic 

thoughts came speedily t" m\- mind, becau.se it was so ajipro- 

proiate t(j the occasion, that: 

I )ur lie.irts though stout and brave, 
Still like muffled drum.s are beatiuj; 
I'uneral marches to the grave. 

I am told that he met death as he had pas.sed through many 
critical vicissittides of his acti\e and remarkable career, with 



20 .\/<ii/ori<il Addresses : Artliiir P. G(>rii/(iir 

CDinposuri.-, with resignation, with fortitude, and with liope. 
The chamber of death always presents a scene of .sorrow and 
often of despair, but penetrating the gloom there is a conviction 
more potent than all the ])rocesses of reasoning, that this can 
not be a finality in Creation's work, and that the soul can not 
perish when the chords and keys that gave it utterance are 
broken. Reason as we will, this belief, as the years go by, 
becomes a sacred and a divine inspiration, an inspiration that 
grows stronger and stronger as the frail tenement that contains 
it weakens and di.ssolves until, at the vers- moment of dissolu- 
tion, in ever\- life consecrated to .some sublime and lofty purpose, 
it blazes forth and penetrates into distant realms with all the 
radiance of the morning sini. 



Addi'css of Mr. AltU-icli, of Rhode Island 21 



Address of Mr. Aldrich, of Rhode Island 

Mr. Prksidknt: Mr. Gorman was a member tjf the Senate 
for twenty-one years, and for a greater portion of this time 
lie was the acknowledged and re.spoii.sible leader of his partj' in 
this Chamber. Nature made him a leader of men. This was 
shown not only by the character of his influence and .services 
liere, but b}^ his ab.soliite domination for a generation of the acts 
and policies of his jiarty in Maryland and by the conspicuous 
position which he long held in national Democratic councils. 
His successful management of the campaign of 18S4, which re- 
sulted in the election of a Democratic President for the first 
time in twenty-eight years, gave him his first prominence as a 
commanding figure in national jwlitics. In each successive 
campaign thereafter he was the tru.sted adviser alike of candidates 
and committees. He was three times prominently mentioned as 
a possible nominee for the Presidency, and many of his friends 
believe that if it had not l.ieen for the <lisad\'antage of locality he 
would have received his jiarty's indorsement for this high honor. 

This record of successful political leadershiji in many fields 
has hardly a parallel in the history of the country. Mr. Ook- 
man's sujiremacy in this respect never surprised those who 
knew him best — those who had the most thorough understand- 
ing antl appreciation of his qualities of mind and heart. He 
was wi.se, skillful, and resourceful, and his genial pre.sence and 
magnetic personality at once inspired confidence and secured 
allegiance. 

In the notable contests -which have taken place on this floor 
over great questions of public policy, when party advantage 
was earnestly sought by the contestants, Mr. Gorman appeared 



22 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. (roriiinii 

at his best. Cool and colltctt^d. he seemed always to kiiiiw in- 
stinctively and at once the strength and weakness of his own 
position and that of his antagonists. In debate on such occa- 
sions he did not .seek for rhetorical effect, but contented hini- 
.self with stating his propo.sitions clearly and concisely and in 
a manner which was admiralile in tone and convincing in effect. 

The value and importance to the country, however, of Mr. 
CoKJiAx's .services here were as a practical legislator and not 
as a political leader. In legislation he did not confine his at- 
tention to suljjects reported from the Committee on Appropria- 
tions, of which he was long a leading member, but he took a 
prominent part in the consideration and disposition of every 
important subject that came before the Senate during his term 
of service. He brought to the discussion of these questions a 
.soiuid judgment and clear perception. In all really great ques- 
tions involving the dignity or the welfare of the country he put 
patriotism above parti.sanship. In the everyday work of the 
Senate, when no great party interest was at stake, his differ- 
ences with his a.ssociates were never along part>' lines. At such 
times his intelligent insight into and broad treatment of public 
questions commanded the approval alike of his Republican and 
Democratic colleagues. 

Xo man ever had a seat in this Chamber who more jealouslj- 
guarded the rights and prerogatives of the Senate or who had 
a higher admiration for its hi.story and traditions than the late 
Senator from Maryland. Coming here as a page in 1S52, \-ery 
much the larger portion of his mature life was spent within 
these walls. He knew personall}' mo.st of the great men who 
have been active in public life for half a centur>". Under such 
circumstances it is not strange that Senator Gorman's affection 
for the Senate should have been unusually deep and con.stant. 

The rules and practices affecting debate and controlling the 



Address of Mr. . Udn'r/i, of RJiodr Island 23 

disposition of business in the Senate are unicnie in their char- 
acter and are largely observed and enforced b>' unanimous 
consent. In trying times these conditions require frequent 
conferences between those who hold responsible positions with 
reference to the work of the Senate on lioth sides of the 
Chamber. These consultations nece.ssarih' afford unusual 
opportunities for the study of personal characteristics. I 
believe that all of ni>- Republican as.sociates who ha\-e taken 
an active part in conferences in which Senator Ck)RM.\x 
appeared as the most important representative of his part>- 
will agree with me in placing a \-ery high estimate upon the 
Senator's character as a man and as a legislator. His courtesy 
was unfailing, his knowledge of precedent unsurpassed, his 
agreements once made were ke])t with .scrupulous fidelit\-, both 
in letter and in .spirit. His wisdom, his moderation, his powers 
of persua.sion have been invaluable in many a threatening 
emergency in the Senate. 

My personal relations with Mr. Gorman during all the 
years of our conunon service were of the most friendh- char- 
acter, although we rarely found ourselves in agreement upon 
questions which were purely political in their nature. His 
personalit)' was very attractive to me, and I believe he was 
incapable of doing a mean or a dislionorable act. He was 
fearless in the ad\'ocacy of measures that met his approval, 
and in conunon with men with positive convictions and the 
courage to act iqxin them at times he was subjected to .severe 
criticism on the part of tho.se who failed to agree with him. 

There was nothing of the time.server or the demagogue in 
his nature. He ser\'ed his countr\- with abilit\' and fidelit\-, 
and is fully entitled to be held in grateful memory b\- his 
felluw-countrvmen. 



24 Memorial Addresses : Arthur P. nor)uaii 



Address of Mr. Clay, of Georgia 

Mr. President: In the death of Senator Gorman one of 
the most remarkable men of our country has passed away. 
He had an extraordinary career, a career that challenged the 
admiration of the entire country. No public man was more 
universally beloved in the South than vSenator Gorm.^x. He 
had been the steadfast friend of the people of the South in the 
hour of the darkest trial, and we trusted and loved him. Ihiiver- 
sal sorrow prevailed among our ])e()ple when liis death was an- 
nounced. We knew we had lost a valuable and faithful friend. 
Mr. Gorman took his seat in the Senate March 4, iS.Si, and 
served continuously for eigliteen j'ears. His party was de- 
feated in Maryland in i.Sy.S, and he retired from the Senate 
March 3, 1.S99. He only remained in pri\'ate life a short 
while. Two years later his part}- triumphed iu Maryland, and 
he returned to the Senate for a fourth term, receiving practi- 
cally the unanimous vote of his party. He received the con- 
gratulations of friends on both sides of the Chaml)er, for his 
colleagues, regardless of party, recognized tlie valuable services 
he had rendered his country. 

I only had a casual acquaintance with Senator Gokm.xn 
before I became a member of the Senate. I was introduced 
to him by Mr. Crisp, who regarded Mr. Gorman as one of the 
ablest men in public life. Mr. Crisp said to me that Senator 
Gorman was a loyal friend, a wise counselor, and a safe 
leader. At that time the thought never occurred to me that 
I would .some day be his colleague in this body. 

Association with Mr. Gorman demonstrated to me that Mr. 
Crisp had formed a correct judgment as to the worth of this 
great man. He was one of the noted men of the Senate. 



Address of Mr. C/ny, of Georgia 25 

He began as a page 011 the flour of the Senate and by the 
force of his own energ>- and talents he l>ecanie the acknowl- 
edged leader of his party. His career illustrates the possibili- 
ties of American citizenship. 

The story of his life, the success he achieved, the good he 
accomplished, will for all time be an inspiration to the young 
men of the country. 

Almost for a quarter of a century his name was intimately 
associated with the legislative history of the country. 

On the floor of the Senate he was an attractive figure ; he 
never spoke to empty benches ; his speeches were short, 
pointed, forcible, and convincing. He never talked unless he 
had something to say. He ma.stered his subject before he 
entered the arena of debate. 

I became a member of the Senate in March, 1.^97, and con- 
.sequently .served with Senator Gokman in the >Senate only five 
years. During this time he frequently participated in the 
debates and was one of the most attractive .speakers on the 
floor of the vSenate. 

The Congressional Record will .show that during his entire 
Senatorial career he participated in the debates of the Senate 
on many subjects, including the tariff of 1883-1 888 and 1890, 
1893, and 1897; interstate commerce; Chinese immigration; 
the public printing ; the Canadian fi.sheries ; the building of 
the Navy ; the Canadian and domestic transportation traffic ; 
the Treasur\' .surplus ; and, in fact, nearh' every question of 
importance that came before Congress. 

When he spoke Senators from both sides of the Chamljer 
would hasten to their seats, and he would invariably- have a 
full and attentive audience with him, to stay until he had 
finished. No Senator spoke to larger audiences than did 
Senator Gorman. 



26 .Ifi-iiion'nl . IiMrrssrs : Artliui- P. CorDiait 

When we study his ])ublic hfe and appreciate the high order 
of his talents we can easily understand the influence he exerted 
over others. He was a man of convictions, sought diligenth- 
to torni correct conclusions, and was tlioroughl_\' in earnest in 
debate. He convinced liis hearers that he was right and easiK 
carried them with him. He used no surplus words ; he spoke 
briefly, but pointedly, and when he was througli there was 
little to be .said on his side of the subject. 

The Democratic part\- has succeeded in only two national 
campaigns since the civil war. Grover Cleveland was elected 
President of the United States in i S84 and was the first Demo- 
cratic President to take the reins of Government since Mr. 
Buchanan retired from the Presidential office. 

So con.spicuous and valuable was the part taken by Mr. 
Gorman in the national campaign of 1S.S4, it was but natural 
to expect that he would be a powerful factor in shaping the 
polic\' i.if tile new Administration. 

As chairman of the national executive connnittee, he was the 
guiding hand of that remarkable campaign. Hi.s party gave due 
credit to Isim and attributed the success achieved to his .skillful 
and faultless management. Such pulilic men as Manning, 
Bayard, Garland, and Lamar recognized that Mr. Gorji.VN's 
services in behalf of his j)arty made him the proper person to 
lead the Administration forces on the floor of the Senate. In 
fact, the whole country knew that he was the guiding hand that 
had once more placed Democracy in power. Mr. Gorm.\.n was 
the recipient of ovations wherever he went at the close of that 
campaign. 

It is l)Ut just to say at this time that Mr. Cleveland appreci- 
ated the valuable ser\-ices the Maryland Senator had rendered 
in securing his triumphant election, and he enjoyed the confi- 
dence and friendship of ViX. Cleveland during his first term in 
office. 



Address of Mr. C!nv, of Gmrs^ia 27 

He was a conspicuous factor in the canipaitjii when Mr. 
Cleveland was elected the second time. In Mr. Cleveland's 
last Administration the public soon learned that Mr. Gorman's 
influence had greatly suffered with the President. Due regard 
for the truth compels me to say that we have unmi.stakahle 
evidence that the President would not listen to the advice and 
counsel of Mr. Gorman during his last Administration. When 
the truth of history is written the embarrassments and subse- 
quent overthrow of the Democratic party will be largely 
attributed to the want of party harmony. 

Mr. Gorman was entitled to the respect and confidence of 
the President; he had always been loyal, and had rendered 
conspicuous service to his party, and his counsel and advice 
were constantly needed to bring together and harmonize the 
different elements of the Democratic party to the support of the 
Administration. At that time there were many antagonistic 
elements in the party, and Mr. Gorman po.ssessed the happy 
faculty of adjusting differences and felt anxiety alwut the future 
harmony of his party. His coun.sel and advice, however, did 
not prevail, and disastrous results followed. 

I have always believed that if the wise a!id conservative polic\' 
advocated by Mr. Gorman had prevailed the different ele- 
ments in the Democratic party could have been kept together 
and the party would have been greatly strengthened for future 
usefulness. 

Mr. Gorman recognized that two great political parties, each 
contesting for supremacy, were necessary for the preservation 
of (jur institutious. Two great political parties, evenly balanced, 
debating great issues, scrutinizing closely the conduct of each 
other, insures to the people clean, honest, good government. 
The po.sition of chairman of the minority conference in the 
.Senate is one of honor and responsibilit\-. The chairman pre- 



28 Moiiorial .Idtirtsses : Artliiir P. Cornian 

sides over the minority conference and is a recognized leader 
of the minority. 

Mr. Gorman was unanimously chosen for this position in 
1S89. I hold in m\- hand a clipping from a reputable news- 
paper, giving an account of his election and valuable ser\-ices as 
a leader of the minority, including a .statement of the brilliant 
and successful fight he made again.st the force bill, which I 
insert as part of my remarks. 

I have been assured l)v his associates in this Chamber still 
living of the correctness of this statement of his connection 
with this jiarliamentary struggle. 

I do not insert it to revive the unpleasant memories growing 
out of that contest, but to show the estimate placed upon the 
services of the distinguished dead in defeating this legislation. 

The article in.serted is as follows: 

l"pon the death of Mr. Beck, of Kentucky, in 1889, Mr. Gorm.\n wa.s 
promptly and unaniniouslr chosen for the position by his Democratic 
colleagues. 

The accession of Mr. (.ioRM.\N to the post of active minority leadership 
was the more gladly hailed by Democratic Senators for the reason that, at 
the very time of his election, the odious "force bill," which was a source 
of so much anxiety and fearful apprehension on the part of the southern 
Democrats, had passed the Hou.se under Speaker Reed's dictatorship and 
was hanging like a cloud over the deliberations of the Senate, in which 
the Repuljlicans had a clear majority of eleven votes. In this great emer- 
gency the Democratic minority placed especial reliance upon their resource- 
ful leader, whose mettle had already been tried and whose .skill as a par- 
liamentarian was recognized on both sides of the Chamber. 

The Republicans introduced two di.stinctive party measures into the 
Fifty-first Congress— the McKinley tariff bill and the Lodge election law, 
commonly known as the "force bill." Both had, at the start, the solid 
support of their party organization, and both were put through the House 
under the "Reed rules," at the first .session, without the formality of 
debate or deliberate consideration. The McKinle3- bill also passed the 
.Senate near the end of the first .session, on September 10, 1S90, after a pro- 
tracted deljate, in which Mr. Gorm.\n took an active and stronglv antag- 
onistic position. It passed by a strict party vote, having eleven majority. 
Its companion measure, the force bill, was allowed to go over to the second 



Addri'ss of Mr. C/irv, of (icoroia 29 

session, because the Democrats threatened to fight it to the bitter end, and 
the Republicans were compelled to take a recess for the fall campaign. 

When the second session came together, in December, iSgo, the Re- 
publicans of the Senate received a renewed partisan impulse to stand 
together and drive it through as a party measure from two sources first, 
from the unfavorable trend shown by the fall elections, and, second, by a 
vigorous advocacy of its early passage in the message of President Harri- 
son. Accordingly the measure was taken up on the first day of the ses- 
sion, all other things being put aside, and pressed with all the energj- and 
parliamentary skill known to the skillful parliamentarians of the majority 
of the Senate. The McKinley bill had received eleven majority a few 
months earlier, and the advocates of the force bill calculated that its com- 
panion measure would have the same backing, if it could be brought to a 
vote. This was probably true. 

Senator Hoar, one of the most accomplished parliamentarians of the 
Senate, was in charge of the bill, and he had for his active aids and con- 
stant coadjutors Jlr. .\ldrich, Mr. Edmunds, and all the mo.st skillful 
lawyers and managers of the majority. Against this compact, aggressive, 
and determined force stood the solid Democratic strength of the Senate, 
resolved to fight to the bitter end. They were helpless in their weakness, 
if the question came to an early vote, and it looked to the whole country, 
and to many of the minority Senators themselves, that they were leading 
an utterly forlorn hope. Their only hope lay in their staving off a vote 
by a skillful use of the liberal rules of the Senate and of the general prin- 
ciples of parliamentary law, until a change in the sentiment of the country 
might break the solidity of the Republican column. 

Thus was the alignment drawn for one of the greatest parliameutarj- 
battles ever known. The contest was an unequal one otherwise than in 
numbers, for although the Democratic minority possessed a fine array of 
oratorical and debating talent, the Republicans had the decided advan- 
tage in parliamentary experience and skill. The Democrats relied largely, 
in fact almost exclusively, in the matter of tactical skill upon their strong, 
vigilant, and well-balanced leader, or, as Senator Bayard had expressed it, 
"the quiet, self-sustaining, and self-sustained man whom Maryland has 
given to the Union." Mr. GoRM.^N was the equal in parliamentary and 
tactical skill of any man on the Repuljlican side, and, as the result showed, 
the superior of them all. 

The greatest inspiration of the minority during the seven long weeks of 
the bitter and exhausting struggle was the serene and perfect confidence 
of their leader, who never for a moment entertained the idea of defeat. 
This splendid spirit of confident aggressiveness was marked upon bj' all, 
and communicating itself to the whole minority added much to their 
esprit de cor|js. It also seemed to perplex and confound the majority and 
had its effect upon the observant country-. Democratic Senators, inter- 
preting the force bill as a measure designed for the reinstatement and per- 



30 MiDiorial Addresses : Arthur P. Goriuaii 

petuatiou of nej^ro cioiniiialioii in tilt South, put their whole souls into the 
contest, and. realizing the necessity of perfect discipline to accomplish 
their ends, conceded much to the discretion and judgment of their 
appointed leader. 

Rarely has a parliamentary leader been invested with such complete 
command as was Senator CtORMAn during the memorable battle. Old 
employees of the Senate relate incidents of the leading and distinguished 
Southern Senators applying to the chairman of the minority conference 
to know if it was advisable for them to go down to the restaurant on the 
floor below- for lunch, and reporting whenever they temporarily withdrew 
from the Chamber where they might be found in an eniergenc}-. 

The first test of strength came on the first day of the session, December 
3, 1890, on Mr. Hoar's motion to take up the bill for consideration, which 
was adopted by a vote of 41 to 30, showing the Republican party strength. 
Had the final vote been taken on that day the bill would undoubtedlv 
have been passed by the same majority. The final test came on Januarv 
26, l8gi, when Mr. Wolcott, of Colorado, asked Mr. Morgan to yield the 
floor in order that he might move to take up the bill making an appor- 
tionment of representation in Congress under the Eleventh Census, which 
motion was adopted by a vote of 35 to 34, thus displacin.g and finallv dis- 
posing of the force bill. 

During the intervening .seven weeks the Democratic minority had held 
the floor constantly throughout the day and often tlirough ihe night, 
when night sessions were forced. Every alternative known to parliamen- 
tary skill looking to the forcing of a vote on the bill was tried from time 
to time by the Republicans, but they were met at every turn and always 
baffled. \Vearyingof the effort to terminate the debate, the majority tried, 
as a last resort, to take a Senator off the floor for the purpose of adopting 
a cloture resolution, but the ^'ice-President failed them at the la.st moment 
of this revolutionarj- proceeding, weakening in his purpose before the 
well-directed fire of the minority. During the seven weeks of untiring 
vigilance Mr. Gorman occupied the floor a considerable portion of the 
time himself and contributed much to the parliamentary feature of the 
debate. In the meantime the eyes of the country had been opened to the 
unfair and partisan character of the pending measure. The public senti- 
ment of the country admired the splendid fi.ght the Democrats had made 
against it and sympathized with the South against the proposed sectional 
discrimination. This sentiment communicated itself to the minds of the 
more liberal Senators, and the result was a change of the necessary votes 
to defeat the partisan measure. 

Thus ended one of the most noted parliamentary battles on record, and 
the name of the IMaryland Senator will go down on the pages of history 
intimately and honorably associated with it. 

I doubt if anj' public man has rendered more valuable serv- 
ices to his part}- and countr>' than Senator Gorman during 



.-jtMiTss I)/' J//-. Cl(i\\ of Ccoroiia 31 

the last quarttr of a century. B\- reason of his conspicuous 
service, his eminent abihty, and sterhng integrit>- he was enti- 
tled to his part}' uominatioii for the office of the President of 
the United States. He had a .strong following in nianj' sections 
of the coiintr}' for this high honor, but history teaches us that 
party service and party loyalty is not always appreciated and 
properly rewarded. 

Neither Webster, Clay, Calhoun, Benton, nor Blaiue ever 
reached the Presidency, but each has left an enduring fame not 
eclipsed by any occupant of the Presidential chair. 

Mr. Gorman would have made an admirable President. 
His career is clo.sed, but was one of the most remarkable in the 
history of our country. The young men of the Republic can 
be taught to .study his history, follow his counsel, and the 
world is better by reason of his pulilic life. When we read the 
story of his life we are not .surprised at the success he achieved. 
He was a self-made man; he began life without money. He 
came from a modest home, where lo^•e of neighbors and love of 
country was inculcated and where .self-reliance was taught. 
In early life he knew the \'alue of industry. He acted on the 
maxim that nothing was impo.ssible to industry. He was 
kind, generous, un.selfish, with a heart full of sympathy for 
humanity. 

To my certain knowledge he helped the weak and low!)- in 
their efforts to be strong. The good he accompli.shed will for 
all time be an in.spiration for the j'oung men of the country. 
The}' will read his histor}' and follow in the footpaths blazed 
out by this illustrious son of the Republic. 

The influence of the good never dies. I am sure that this 
generation and all generations to come will be better, .stronger, 
wiser, and happier by reason of his life. 

We teach our sons to studv the characters of the great Roman 



32 Memorial Addresses: ArlJiicr P. Coruiati 

senators, to practice their virtues, and we are the recipients of 
untold blessings from those who have been dead for more than 
a thousand years. 

I wish to give to his memory only just praise, for I am sure 
if he could have a voice as to the character of these exercises 
he would not countenance false praise. 

While not a college graduate, he was a student, a hard 
worker, and kept thoroughly posted on the current business of 
the Senate. His conceptions were quick and remarkably accu- 
rate; his judgment was good of both men and measures. Few- 
men have been found with such a rare combination of faculties 
and powers as he possessed. Though frequentlj- most bitterly 
assailed, his entire public career was pure, honest, fearless, and 
patriotic. 

All great men at some period in their career ha\-e been mis- 
imderstood,.. slandered, and maligned. 

Washington, Jefferson, Clay, Webster, Calhoun, Jackson, 
and Blaine were the .subjects of most bitter attacks, but history 
has done eacii justice. Pas.sion and prejudice die, and truth 
and justice triumph. 

When the historian shall record the truth of Senator Gor- 
man's life, this story will be both interesting and instructive. 
Let the truth be told and the story will show a life devoted to 
toil, devotion to dut}-, and honest and faithful in all the rela- 
tions of life. This story will show that he was a man of con- 
victions, and that he battled fearlessly and unrelentingly to 
accomplish his purposes; that he was not only a man of abilit}-, 
but of integrity and high courage; that he was a man who 
loved the whole country and bore no malice in his heart toward 
anyone. This story, truthfull\- and impartially related, will 
show that he fought openly and manfully for what he believed 
to be right, and that he fought for those things which he 
firmly believed would advance the Ite.st interests of his countrv. 



.-IMrcss of Mr. C/ii}\ of Georgia t^t, 

When I first knew liim the relations Ijetween us were not so 
cordial; we did not know and understand each iither. The 
more I knew of him tlie hetter I liked him. When he died, we 
were warm, sincere, and devoted friends. 

He was a vSenator with lon.^ ser\-ice and was helpful to me m 
tile discharge of m\' tluties. I express my sincere convictions 
when I say he was a piu'e, honest, and fearless patriot. I hon- 
ored, respected, and loved vSenator Gorman. In his death we 
ha\-e lost a most illustrious member, .a wise and safe leader, an 
able statesman, and an accomplished gentleman. 

Senator Gokjiax attained his high distinction in the service 
and counsels of his country 1)>- the practice of those cardinal 
virtues which constitute the road to elevation and fame. 

History teaches us that from the first .settlement of Mary- 
land she never authorized a .single act of intolerance against 
any den<imination of Christians. Mar\land established the 
practice of Christian toleration in the new liemisphere and laid 
the great work for the complete superstructure, which was 
afterwards reared by the hands of Jefferson and his illustrious 
colaborers, of the cause of truth. 

Mr. Bancroft tells us she was the first to gi\-e religious lib- 
erty a home, its only lionie in the wide world, where the dis- 
franchised friends of ])relacy from Massachusetts and the 
Puritans from \'irginia were welcome to equal libert\- of con- 
.science and political rights: 

The first of every land in all the world 

Where love of God, in peace, each creed defined, 

And freedom of the heart was certified 
By freedom of the mind ; 

Where Christian each might worship as he willed, 
Where temples throning different faiths aro.se, 

Where bigot and where martyr, side Ijy side. 
Were shielded from their foes. 

S. Doc. 404, 59-2 3 



34 Moiiorial Addresses: Aiilnii- P. ConiuDi 

It was lamentable to see men who had fled from the Old 
World to secure the enjoyment of civil and religious liberty 
themselves and their children persecuting their fellow-men for 
a difference in creed. Maryland taught a better lesson and 
exemplified her teachings by her practice. 

The Republic has followed the splendid example taught in 
the early history of the nation by the sons of Maryland. 

Senator Gokm.\n' began life with correct principles. He 
firmh' exemplified by every act of his life his Ijelief and adher- 
ence to the principles taught t)y the founders of his .State. 

The spirit of toleration characterized ever\- act of his life. 
He believed that every citizen of the Republic was entitled to 
the peaceful enjoyment of civil and religious liberty. 

Mr. President, a great man is gone. His life work is ended. 
In his private life he was kind, courteous, generous, and noble. 
He has fulfilled his mission and done his work well. 

It can be truly said that he manftdly discharged every pri- 
vate and public obligation of life. 

His history shows us nuich to admire and to enudate. He 
has made a record of which we all may be proud. He has set 
an example that all of us who survive him may well follow. 

In his death his State has lost one of her most illustrious 
sons and the country one of its ablest and purest statesmen. 



Address of Mr. Hah\ of Maine 35 



Address or Mr. Hale, of Maine 

Mr. President: The late .Senalur from Marylaml and 1 
came to the vSenate at the same time, standing at tlie desk 
together where we were sworn in on the 4th day of March, 
iSSi.the opening day of the Forty-seventh Congress. Mr. 
GoRM.'VN before that had no Congressional service, but was 
])rominent in his part\' and was accotinted as its leader in the 
State of Maryland. He had acquired legislative experience 
liy .service in both Ijranches nf the Mar\land legislature; was 
jinmiincnt in large bn.siness enterprises in the State, and so, 
both by natural ability and b\' experience, was amply (|ualifie<l 
to render important service in this Ixidy. 

It was inv good fortune to be placed with him on imi)ortant 
connnittees and to become closely acquainted with him in a 
personal intercourse which developed a friendship upon which 
I have always set great \-alne and to which I contributed a 
sincere regard, founded upon the deepest respect. I dn not 
recall a single instance where this friendship, though Mr. 
Gorman and I had man\- sharp conflicts upon this floor, was 
ever strained or interruptetl. 

The fine character and great .services cjf the late .Senator 
luu'e been so well portra>'ed by the ekxiuent .Senator from 
Maryland who presents the resolutions, and b_\- other .Senators 
who had long .service with him, that in what I am to say briefly 
I shall confine my.self to the consideration of Mr. (tORM.\n's 
service in the Senate as a great legislator. 

He could make speeches, always gopd and never long. He 
could maintain the organization of his part>' on this floor, 
where he was its acknowledged leader. His eve was iniick in 



36 Mi'))iorial Addresses: Arllnir /'. CoDnnii 

discernino; an\- weakness in the action of his oj)ponenls w lien 
purely political measures \vere uj) for discussion and action. 
He was wary and a master of expedient and device and was 
sleepless in exercising the mastery that was acceded to him in 
the councils of his party, both here and elsewhere. 

But l^eyond these things, Mr. President — and I should say 
greater than all these things in estimating Mr. Gorman's 
public .service — was his prominence as a great legi.slator and 
in shaping general legislation. He gave the best part of his 
time to this field of duty. It is not so picturesque a field, Mr. 
President, as .some others. Its product and its results do not 
so often occupy the newspapers or arouse innnediate i>ublic 
interest, but the gra\-e and thoughtful temperament of Mr. 
Gorman, his .self-poise, and his .sedatene.ss all suited with that 
work liere which is fornndated and worked out and at last 
crystallized into what I niaj' call good legislation. Into this 
domain Mr. Gokm.vn never intruded mere party politics. He 
acted with unwa\ering fidelity with either Democrat or Repub- 
lican who sought to put upon the statute book stdjjects of 
legislation for the benefit of all the ])eople. 

Neither upon this floor nor in connnittee room in this work 
did Mr. Gorman subordinate the public interest to jnirty 
preference or advantage. He not only contributed to the 
work of a good legislator by his qinet, effective work in com- 
mittee, but in hundreds of instances on this floor he was able 
to show, h\ his great facility as a debater, how important he 
counted the public good and how earnest was his desire to 
contribute to it. 

It will be a long day, Mr. President, before the superior of 
the late Senator from Maryland, in this regard, will be found 
upon this floor upon either .side of the Chamber. 

Mr. President, the service here of an old vSenator, although 



Address of Mr. Hal,\ of Maine 37 

ill the hi.t;hest degree honorable and sought by us all, is not 
easy nor always comfortable and, perhaps I may say, not 
always enjoyable. It is beset with added labor and responsi- 
bility, and the necessity, at times, for independence of thought 
and action, and a fearlessness, which may not always be upon 
the right side and certainly is' not infreijuently upon the un- 
popular side. And, added to all this, is the saddening feature, 
in an older vSenator's career, of seeing his friends and associates 
drop away in the march of time, until at last he stands com- 
paratively alone. 

\\'hen a Senator- like Mr. Gorman is called from duty in 
this Ijodv, by a smnmons which no man can resist, he is missed 
and mourned by all, but by none so keenly as the men with 
whom he has been longest associated. 

There are to-day, Mr. President, Init two Senators on this 
flo<:ir who had seats here when Mr. CtOkjiax and I entered 
the Senate and who have held continuous service ever since — 
the distinguished Senator from Iowa, Mr. Alli.son, and the 
distinguished Senator from Alabama, Mr. Morgan. Senator 
Teller's service was interrupted by his Cabinet service in Presi- 
dent Arthur's Administration. All the rest have fallen out 
l)v the way. They make their loss felt not by any proclama- 
tion or outward show but in that intangible way that sinks 
the deepe.st into the human heart. We reali/.e the mi.ssed foot- 
step, the clear voice on this floor silent, the calm face at the 
committee table absent, and all this we feel and we know in 
the death of the late Senator from Maryland. 

We mi.ss all his great qualities. We shall miss his active 
participation in debate, his guiding hand in legi.slation, and his 
prominence in the battles fought on this floor. Let us hope 
and believe ihat from these he has pa.ssed " to where, beyond 
these voices, there is peace." 



38 Mfiiiorial Addresses : Arllnir P. Gorman 



Address of Mr. Cullom, of Illinois 

Mr. President: The remarks that I ^hall make will be 
very brief, but I did not feel that I could afford to miss the 
opportunity of sayiug^ a few words upon this occasion. 

We have to-day laid aside the ordinarv business of the 
Senate that we ma\- pay our tribute to the memory of a loved 
and respected colleague, Arthur Pite Gorman, late a Senator 
from Maryland, who for maii\ years was one of the most 
prominent members of this Ijody. 

Senator Gorman had a remarkable public career. Without 
the advantages of a great family name, without wealth, with a 
limited education, through liis own exertions alone, he rose 
from an humble employee of this Senate to the position of one 
of its members and a leader of his party .second to none in my 
term of service. 

He was educated in tliat greatest of all schools, the .school of 
experience. And in his case what a school it was. He was in 
the service of the Senate during the most important and vital 
epoch in our history . In his early life he was familiar with 
those intellecttial giants who were Senators during the .stirring 
period preceding the civil war, during the civil war, followed 
by the days of reconstruction, when our destiny- hung in the 
balance and when the nation, after a baptism of blood and fire, 
was made anew. Douglas, Seward, Hamlin, Jefferson Davis, 
Benjamin, Toombs, Hou.ston, Cass, Wade, Sumner, Trumbull, 
Fessenden, Grimes, and many other of the most noted men in 
all our history were here as Senators during his early life. 

He was a protege, friend, and follower of that illustrious 
Illiuoisan, Stephen A. Douglas, than whon; there was no abler 
statesman and Senator of his da v. 



Adc/rrss of Mr. Culloiii, of Illinois 39 

Senator Cokiman might be said to have been Ijorii a Douglas 
Democrat. His father was one of Douglas's greatest admirers, 
antl followed his leader, like so many thousands of patriotic 
Douglas Democrats, in remaining true to the Union. 

As a State legislator, as a leader of his party in Maryland. 
Senator C.okman early exhibited those qualities which later 
gave him so much prominence here. He was little known out- 
side of his State until his election to the Senate in 1880, and 
the attention of the country was not much attracted to him 
until four years later, when he conducted the national Demo- 
cratic campaign of that year, and when, for the first time in 
twenty-eight years, the national Democratic party was success- 
ful and Grover Cleveland was elected President. 

As national chairman he showed himself to be a splendid 
political organizer. In his conduct of the campaign ncj mis- 
takes were made, and he was entitled to much of the credit 
for the election of a comparatively unknown local politician 
of New York again.st one of the most brilliant and popular 
statesmen since the days of Henry Clay — James G. Blaine. 

I ha\-e always felt that Mr. Blaine owed his defeat to two 
cau.ses — first, the far superior organization and conduct of Mr. 
Cleveland's campaign under direction of Mr. Gok:\ian; and. 
second, to the mistakes and mismanagement of Mr. Blaine's 
campaign. 

Senator Gokjiax soon succeeded to the leadership of his 
party in the Senate. There were others older in years and 
service, but the leadership seemed to naturally fall to him. 
He was the real leader in fact as well as in name, and con- 
tinued as such so long as he remained in the Senate. 

He was not a specially brilliant speaker, but he was a clear 
and forceful talker and an able and dangerous antagoni.st in 
debate. 



40 MiDiorial Addresses: Arthur P. Cani/aii 

His charming personality, his siiavit.\- of manner, his mag- 
netic inflnence over men with whom he came in contact, 
combined with liis marked al)ihty, made it easy for him to 
retain the <litTicuh position of a leader f)f one of the great 
parties in this body. Some one said of him that his smile 
was as winsome as ever wooed a vote out of a man's con- 
science. He enjoyed in the highest degree the respect and 
confidence of ex'ery Senator with whom he ser\ed on both 
.sides of the Chamber. 

Many Senators here very well rememl)er the long and suc- 
ce.ssfnl fight, echoed and reechoed in ever\' journal of the 
United States, which Mr. Gorim.\n' led, and which rcsidted in 
the defeat of the bill known as the "force bill." As nnich as 
Senators on this side regretted tlie defeat of that bill, we 
were all forced to admire Mr. C"jOKM.\n's generalship in 
defeating it. 

I had the ])leasure of knowing Senator CioKM.vx intimately- 
for more tlian twenty years, and what I sa>- of him I say 
from my own per.sonal acquaintance and ob,ser\-ation. He was 
a member of this body when I entered it in 1SS3. He was 
among the first to take ;i deep interest in the regulation of 
interstate commerce, and from the first to the last he favored 
the rigid re.gulation of railroads. 

The late Senators Piatt of Connecticut and Harris of Ten- 
nessee, ex-vSenator Miller of New York, Senator Gokjl\x, and 
myself constituted the vSelect Committee on Interstate Com- 
merce which made a thorough inve.stigation of the subject in 
1S86. vSenator CiORiiAX took a prominent part in the inves- 
tigation and in the preparation of the original interstate- 
commerce act, passed in iS.Sy. W'e traveled over various parts 
of the country, and held hearings in our larger cities, 

I will be pardoned for relating a little incident that took 



Address of Mr. Ciil/oiii, of Illinois 41 

place when the coniinittee was in New York, on a Sunday. 
It so hapi)ened that there were three ex-Presidents of the 
United vStates in New York at that time — ex-Presideuts Grant, 
Hayes, and Arthur — and we determined to call upon them 
before leaving the city. We called on President (Vrant first. 
It .seemed strange that Senator Gokm.vx had never actually 
met General Grant until then. I had the plea.sure of intro- 
ducing them, and I remember very well that General Grant 
seemed very much pleased to meet Senator Gokman, who had 
become a national figure, and manifested great interest in him. 
The greatest general of the age was then in a practically 
dying condition, although he was seated in a chair, surrounded 
by his books and papers, trying to finish his famous book in 
order to leave something to support his wife and family. The 
General knew that he could li\-e but a short time, and, (juite 
characteristically of him, he seemed to take it calmly and philo- 
sophically. He said that his book was finished; that if he 
could live a little longer — until September, I think he said — 
he could perfect and improve it, but that he was ready to go 
at any time. He passed away in a little more than three 
weeks after we saw him. 

For a number of >ears Senator Gokm.vx was a memlier of 
the Committee on Appropriations. Senators on that commit- 
tee who served with him will agree that a more valuable and 
useful member that committee has never had. He was mas- 
ter of all the countless details of the expenditures of the 
Government. 

Senator CrORMAN was a business man, and was thoroughly 
familiar with the tariff. Senators well remember the promi- 
nent part which he took in the discu.ssion and passage of the 
liill known as the "Wilson-Gorman bill." It left the Senate 
with nearly 700 amendments. He was not a believer in free 



42 McuionnI Addrcsxex : ArtJiio- P. (',or))iaii 

trade, but he did l>elie\-e in a low tariff. The tariff is a ques- 
tion that not only divides the two great parties, but has often 
caused divisions within both parties. There have been end- 
less discussions over the W'il.son tariff act. Personally I have 
always believed that it was due to Senator Gokm.\x that a 
much more injurious act to the industries of the country was 
not enacted. 

Mr. (rOKM.vx'.s two leading characteristics were, first, his 
marked ability as a leader; and second, his conservatism as a 
statesman and legislator. I desire, "Six. President, to enforce 
those two ])rominent facts in his character. First, he was a 
born leader; and .second, he was a conser\-ative legislator and 
statesman. He was a Democrat, but was a con.servative one. 
He did not believe in radical measures. When a great par- 
ti.sau question, such as the force liill, was before the Senate 
he stood loyalh' with his party, but lie did not believe in 
dragging partisanship into questions generally coming before 
Congress. He looked at public questions from the standpoint 
of a careful, conservative liu.siness man, and was generally 
against any measures that in his judgment would di.sturb the 
business of the countr5- or endanger the stability of the Gov- 
ernment. He was essentially a safe and able legislator. 

Senator Gorjian was a Democrat under all circumstances 
and conditions. He remained true to his party and fought its 
battles, e\'en though in later years it adopted principles with 
which he was not in sympathy. If he could not lead it, he fol- 
lowed it. He did not sympathize with the free-.silver doctrine, 
but on that account he did not abandon the party, but went 
down with it in defeat. The free-.silver platform cost hira 
his seat in the Senate, as the Republicans on that issue gained 
ascendency in Maryland. 

If this was the greatest defeat of his life, his greate.st 



Address of Mr. Culloiii, of Illinois 43 

triumph was when five years later he carried tlie State and 
legislature and was unanimously and triumphantly returned 
to his seat in the Senate, where he was welcomed by his friends 
and colleagues of both parties, and in recognition of his supe- 
rior qualifications was again made the minority leader. 

Mr. Gorman has been sneered at by the reformers as being • 
a politician. He was a politician. Mr. President. Had it not 
been for his ability as a politician he would not have been a 
member of this distinguished body. He was for years one of 
the leading politicians of his part>-. But he was something 
more. His conduct during his long service in the Senate 
demonstrated that he was a .statesman of no mean order. 
Every statesman is of neces.sity a politician, but every politician 
is not a state.sman. The immortal Lincoln was one of the 
shrewdest politicians of his day, and that was one of the ele- 
ments of his strength. It added instead of detracting from his 
other great and noble qualities. It is no discredit to a man 
in public life t(j be called a politician, becau.se every successful 
man in public life is a politician. 

From the time that Mr. GoRM.\N became prominent in national 
affairs until his death it was believed that he was ambitious to 
become President of the United States. At one time he could 
have been the nominee of his party. Ambitious he certainly 
was, but whether it was the possible fear of defeat, as claimed by 
his enemies, or a disinclination to assume the responsiliilities of 
the great office of President that seemed to make him hesitate 
rather than actually .seek it, I do not know. My acquaintance 
with and observation of him lead me to the conclusion that, 
unlike hiost of our prominent statesmen of to-day, he did not 
care sufficiently for the office to actually seek it. 

If he had retained his health, he would have retained all of 
his old influence with his party, both in and out of the Senate. 



44 Mniiorial Addressrs : Aithity P. (',or)iin)i 

l)iit in liis life — he had Hveil years where titliers liad li\-ed 
months — his once vigorous constitution became undermined, and 
in the language of a British statesman, pronouncing a eulogy 
over Prince Albert, "came the blind fury with the abhorred 
shears and slit the thin-spun life." 

Senator GoRiiAx passed away, as I believe he would have 
wished, one of the most honored and respected members of this 
body, in whose service the younger years of his life were spent. 



.-hyi/rrss of Mr. Blaikhiirii ^ of Kiiilmky 45 



Address of Mr. Blackburn, of Kentucky 

Mr. PresidknT: After li.steniii.t;- to the trihutes that have 
l)een paid to the dead Senator from Maryland — that which has 
been pronounced in his own matchless fashion 1)\- his eloquent 
colleague, the senior Senator from that State, and the others, 
exceptionally elaborate and finished and just — it would seem 
that there was little, if indeed anything, to be said. But I can 
not gain my own consent to allow this occa.sicju to pass without 
bearing my poor tribute to the memory of the dead Senator. 
My acquaintance with him was too long, my association with 
him too close, my estimate of him was too high, and my affec- 
tion for him too sincere for me to observe silence. 

Sir, we may well pause at the grave and ponder on the life 
of a man who was big enough and strong euougli to play the 
part of a conceded leader of his fellows and leave an imperish- 
able impression upon the days and times in which he lived. 
It may be true, sir, and I doubt not as a rule it is true, that 
men are mainly in point of their career the product of two 
forces — heredity and environment. I doubt not it is true that 
select where you may as a general rule there is little left in a 
man's career save the product of one or both of these forces. 
But occasionally we meet with a man who is taken out of that 
general rule, who is pos.se,ssed of an inherent stnrdinessof cliar- 
acter, of an ability, of a persistency, and of those intellectual 
and moral qualities that make him the exception to the rule. 

.Such a man was Senator Gorman. He was not the benefi- 
ciary either of heredity or of environment. He came from the 
body of the great common people, with no illu.strious lineage 
behind him, with neither fortune nor fame, nor surroundings 



46 Memorial Addresses : Arthur /'. C,oriiian 

that were cotispiciuiusl\- fiirtunatc. He t)e,s<an at the Ijottoin; 
he ended liis hfe at the top, measured by any crucial standard 
tliat you may see fit to apply. His career was too long and it 
was too thoroughly crowded and studded with achievements of 
no ordinary character to jiermit of anything like a complete 
review on an occasion like this. 

I would not seek, friend as I was to him, I would not ask. 
naj-. sir, I would not have said of him to-day one single .syllable 
of panegyric or unde.served euloginni. I would not measure 
out even to the dead, however close they may have been in 
life, aught except a fair, full measure of justice. 

His colleague, in that splendid burst of eloquence with 
which he paid his tribute to tlie dead statesman, has told >ou 
that a man of positive character as was Mr. Gorm.\x, naturallw 
inevitabh- gathered about him hosts of friends, but with ecinal 
nece.s.sity created numberless opponents. It is to-da>- one pur- 
po.se, and only one purpose, that prompts me to .speak, and that 
is to protest again.st the injustice to which he was subjected 
on one memorable occasion in his life where he was made the 
victim of unfair criticism, where, because of the conspicuous 
position that he held and the unquestioned power that he 
wielded, it was sought by others who deser\-ed it more to fasten 
upon him responsibilities that were not his own. 

I refer to a memorable occasion in the political history of 
our country, fresh in the minds of many Senators who sit about 
me, when jiartN- representation in this Chamber was measured 
by so narrow a majority that a single vote was .sufficient to tip 
the balance and determine the complexion of its legislation. 
When the tariff bill came from the house, the bill known as 
the "Wilson bill," which was to .supersede the McKinley 
measure, Mr. CiOk:\i.\.n was indeed a potential factor in this 
Chamber. His action upon that occasion, his course in connec- 



Addrrss of Mr. Hlackhiii-iu "f K( nlidky 47 

tioii with that important measure, have I)een made the occasion 
of unfair censure and unmerited criticism. 

That bill, Mr. President, whilst it might have l.ieen, and by 
many was believed to be, a decided improvement upon the tax- 
ing measure that it supplanted, failed, as is known of all men, 
to meet the expectations of the coinitry or the reasonable 
demands made by Mr. Gorjian'.s party. 

For that failure, and the failure is confessed and conceded, 
it was sought to fasten upon the Mar>land Senator a decree of 
responsibility which did not honesth- belong to him; and here, 
in order to vindicate the truth of history, I enter an earnest 
and .solemn protest against that injustice surviving after he has 
gone. Other men of his jiarty, then higher in .station and in 
power than he was, who sought to relieve themselves of criti- 
cism bv undertaking to fasten upon him a Inirdeu that did not 
belong to him, should answer at the l)ar of history in.stea<l of 
the dead Mar>lander. 

The records of this Congress show, the Congressional Record, 
in its imperishable pages, will bear out the declaration, that 
when summoned to testify as witnes.ses upon this floor his cola- 
borers upon the Senate Committee on Finance, most of them 
now dead, as is the Maryland vSenator — \'oorhees, of Indiana, 
the chairman of that committee; Harris, of Teiines.see; \'est, of 
Mi.s.souri; and Jones fif Arkansas — bore willing witness to the 
fact that there never was a modification made in that mea.sure, 
there never was a step taken in its revision or remodeling, there 
never was an alteration proposed or carried into effect by the 
conference of this side of the Chamtjer upon that tax l)ill which 
was not unhesitatingly approved and indorsed, pleaded for, and 
demanded by those higher in authority than Mr. Gorman or 
myself, who afterwards saw fit to denounce it and brand it with 
the brand of perfidy. 



48 .^fviiiorial Addresses : Artlnir P. Coriuan 

I protest here, in justice to the dead, that the responsiI)ilities 
in that case did not belong to the man whose niemor}- to-day 
we honor. He bore the unjust accusation jiatiently. That 
splendid serenit\' and poise which has l)een .so happily described 
by his colleague did not desert him. That was one of the dis- 
tinguishing characteristics of the man. He was always .serene, 
alwaj-s self-poised, and never taken by surpri.se. In the hour 
of his triumph and in the hour of his disasters and defeats he 
was always the same .self-contained, the even-poised, undis- 
turbed, unshaken man. 

But if I were to single out one period in his service, one point 
in all his career, that to my mind was the most creditable and 
most to be admired, it would be his identification with that 
important period of ow\ countr\''s histor>" to which allusion has 
been made by more than one of the vSenators who have preceded 
me, to the part that Gokm.\x bore in the force-bill fight on the 
floor of the vSenate. 

In order to appreciate his conduct and his bearing and meas- 
ure fairly the service that he rendered then, it is necessary for 
those who were not here at the time, as I was, to go back and 
acquaint themselves with the conditions that confronted its. 
The passions of the war had not eniirelx' sul.)sided. The bit- 
terness of partisan feeling was running high indeed in these 
Chambers. The House of Representatives, without debate, 
had pa.ssed a bill which we of the South believed doomed that 
.section to all the horrors of a revived carpetbag militarx' gov- 
ernment. W'e h()nestl\- beliex'ed that e\-er>' hope and ever.\- 
aspiration that that great section of our country cherished was 
to be blighted, that the wheels of civilization were to be 
reversed, that we were t(j be turned back to a darker, aye, sir, 
to the darkest, period which ever marked the history of our 
countrv. 



AtMrrss n/' Mr. Blackburn, of Knitiicky 49 

The House had passed the bill; the President had sent mes- 
sage after message urging the vSenate to enact it; a clear 
majoritN- (jf Senators upon this floor stood committed to its 
support whenever a final vote should be called for its passage. 
There was nothing left between the South and absolute chaos 
and utter wreck and ruin except what appeared to lie the 
helpless and hopeless minority of Democrats upon this side 
of the Chamber. Pa.s.sed through the Hou.se, indorsed by a 
majorit)- of Senators upon the floor, who onh- waited for an 
opjHirtunitv to crystallize it into law, the President of the 
counlrx telling us in special messages that he with itching 
hand was holding his pen ready to affix his approval and his 
signature — that was the dark outlook which we confronteil. 

-Mr. GOKM.\N, to whom ever\- Democrat turned as by in- 
stinct as the leader, if one there be left on earth who could 
sa\-e his partv and his country, .stood at the head of that pha- 
lanx of undaunted, brave men interposing them.selves for the 
protection of the South. Never while life lasts can I forget 
the incidents of that struggle. The da\s went b\- but slowl\- 
and the weeks dragged their we.ary length along, whilst with- 
out adjournment, night and day, that small band was on dut\- 
and its unswerving, brave, devoted cunnnander was on deck. 

I \-enture to assert that in all the tide of time you will 
search in vain among the records of the luiglish-speaking peo- 
ples of this world to find a parallel to the splendid generalship, 
the resources, the matchless courage, the unquestioning devo- 
tion, and the brilliant commandership that Gorii.\n manifested 
upon that occasion. .\ forlorn hope, of course, he led; battle- 
ments, impregnable, he could not .scale, but he accomplished 
his jHU'pose. He saved the South, and in m>- judgment he 
saveil the North as well, when by a flank movement he side- 
tracked the force bill and buried it in a grave to which it 
S. Poc. 404, 59-2 4 



50 Mc))iorial AdHrcsscs : .Irthiii /'. (roriiiaii 

sliould have been doomed iipcui its liirtli. The most sjileiidid 
parhanientary battle of which history gives us record was the 
one that was fouglit and the one tliat was won by the Maryland 
leader. 

Speaking in the light of a service in Congress not especially 
short, I frankly avow and without hesitation declare that I 
have never come in contact with a man in ])ublic life since first 
I entered the council chambers of my country who had in so 
great a degree all the ])ro])erties and qualities that go to consti- 
tute a leader of men. I ha\-e never known either his superior 
or his equal. 

I do not care to say more, Mr. President, but I deem it proper, 
in order that justice complete and full shall be done to him and 
his memory, to ask that I may insert in the Record of to-day's 
proceedings the resolution passed unanimoush- by the caucus 
of the Democratic party of the Senate on the occasion of his 
death. 

The Vich-Pre.'^idk.xt. In the ab.sence of objection, permis- 
sion is granted. 

The resolution referred to is as follows: 

The Democratic Senators at their first meeting in conference subsequent 
to the death of their fonner honored and loved chairman, the late Senator 
GORM.\N, obey their unaffected impulse in the expression of their pro- 
found sorrow for his loss to them as their personal friend and their saga- 
cious, faithful political guide in their ofBcial relations. 

.\ faithful friend, a zealous and wise party leader, considerate and con- 
ciliatory and careful of the intere.sts of all, he greatly endeared himself to 
his party associates, by whom his memory will e\er be most fondh- 
cherished. 



Aiii'/iu .ss of Ml . J-'ryi\ of Maine 51 



Address of Mr. Frye, of Maine 

Mr. Presidxnt : I shall pay 1113' trilmte to the memory of 
the late Senator GoK-MAN in a \-ery few words, hut sincere. 

iJuring all the years we were a.ssociated togetlier in this 
Chamber we were clo.se personal friends. All the while we had 
a continuing pair, under the terms of which either was to vote 
whenever he plea.sed, each confident that the other would jiro- 
tect him whenever a political question was under considera- 
tion. It is not neces.sary for me to say that that confidence 
was never betrayed. I had for him a warm affection and ardent 
admiration, and I am ]>roud to belie\-e that the affection was 
reciprocated. 

Prompted 1>>- that friendship I was interested in and observ- 
ant of Mr. Gorman's remarkable public career. He was most 
bitterly assailed as an unscrupulous politician, ready at an>' time 
to avail him.self of any means to secure the ends he sought. I 
have failed, .sir, utterly to find any justification whatever for 
that charge. He was a politician — adroit, alert, full of resource. 
Possibly he was a partisan. If he was, I admire and do not 
cen.sure. I have little faith in a man connected with a political 
party, who really and honestly believes in its principles, who is 
not ready at all times to defend and maintain them. 

That Mr. Gorm.vn would a\-ail himself of every opportunity 
he honorably could to strengthen his part)' I have no doubt. I 
recall a somewhat .spectacular illustration of that. I was present 
at the Republican ministerial meeting at the Fifth Avenue Hotel 
in New York when it was declared that the strength of the 
Democratic party was rum, Romanism, and rebellion. Mr. 
GORM.AN was chairman of the Democratic national connnittee. 



52 Miuiorial Addrcssrs : Aiilnir P. (',,ir))i,ni 

He saw that ojiportuiiits- ; he proiii]itl\- availed himself of it, 
and ill a few hours that wretched declaration was scattered 
l)roadcast all over this cmintry. It was a most weighty contri- 
bution. Mr. Hlaine was defeated, Mr. Cleveland elected, and 
Senatcjr (tok:\iax did it. 

Mr. President, vSenator CiOkman was a Democrat and an 
earnest one, and a thorough politician, hut when duty to his 
countrx' demanded he gave to his country regardless of his 
part>-. When the civil war liroke out, he was a resident of the 
State of Mar\land. In the face of party and of most powerful 
.social influences, he was a loyal and devoted friend to the cause 
of the Union, utterl>- regardless of the effect it might have 
upon his fortunes in that State, 

Mr. Gok:vi.\x was the recognized leader on the Democratic 
side for many >-ears. It was a position of great power. I 
never yet heard any Republican Senator charge him with an 
exercise of that power unfair or dishonorable. 

Mr. CjOkm.\x was a thoroughly equipped business man. As 
such, his .services here were of great value. When in his judg- 
ment the best business interests of his country demanded, he 
left party or disregarded ])arty demands, as the records of this 
Chamber show. 

His private life was without reproach. He had no vices, no 
bad habits. He was a man jiure in thou.ght and act. It was 
w\y good fortiuie to l)e an occasional visitor at his home in 
Maryland. It was an ideal lunne, with an ideal head. He was 
a tender, loyal, devoted husband, and an afTectionate, indulgent 
father. 

Mr. President, in Senator Gorman's death the Senate, his 
State, our country suffered a most serious loss, and that ideal 
home is desolate indeed. 



ArMnss of Mr. Oviriiiau. oj Xoiih Cuniliiia 53 



Address of Mr. Overman, of North Carolina 

Mr. President: Five tinics in the four short years in 
which I have been a member of this liody we have 1)een called 
npon to pay the last trilnite to the memor>- of five of its most 
distinguished members. Six times in that short period the 
chilling hand of death has cast a dark shadow over this Cham- 
ber and the pale horse has entered its ]iortal whence its mys- 
terious rider has borne the.se great men awa\- on the long 
jonrne>- t<j the mvsterious bexond, a journey whicli the luunble 
and the great, the rich and the poor, all alike, sooner or later 
must take. As they depart we are reminded that man's days 
upon earth are but "few and full of trouble," and that his 
glory is, like the flower of the field, soon to fade and wither. 

While others who were long as.sociated with him and who 
were more intimate witii him have recounted his virtues, have 
reviewed the splendid career of Senator (tOKjr.-VN, whose 
departure we .so grievously lament, I, as one of the \onnger 
.Senators, arise simjily to drop a tear, to add one flower t" the 
chaplet, and to give exj)ression of my .sorrow at his sad tak- 
ing off. 

Mr. President, four years ago on the 4th of March next I 
entered this Chamber to take the oath of office and enter upon 
the discharge of my duties as a .Senator of the United .States. 
Mr. GoKM.\N, having been an ht)nored Member for some 
eighteen years, had been retired. Four years later he was 
returning again in great triumph, again to take on the Sena- 
torial toga, and to be the leader of his great i)art>- ujion the 
floor. He was sworn in on that same day. This was the first 
time I had ever met ancl become ])ersonall>' acciuainted with 



54 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. Gorman 

him, and I shall ne\er forget the warm, cordial grasp of the 
haud and the geutle courtesy with which he welcomed me, the 
care with which he instructed me in the mysteries of the Sen- 
ate, and his words of advice. He seemed to take a kindh- 
interest in me at once and endeavored to make me feel that I 
was to be no stranger here. 

I attended his funeral and followed his remains to their last 
resting place in the lieautiful Oak Hill Cemetery, in this 
city. I was deeph" impres.sed, as I think everyone present 
was, with the siinplicit>- of the funeral. There was no l>ing 
in state, no cavalcade, no parade, no gathering of the great 
officers of the Government, no .show; only the .simple cere- 
mony held in the parlor of his comfortable but unostentatious 
home in this city, his stately coffin .surrounded by his bereaved 
and devoted fanuly and a few of his most intimate friends. A 
short prayer was offered, a short yet beautiful and touching 
address by the mini.ster, and it was all over. All of this was 
at his request, and shows this man's most charming character- 
istic, that of modesty, which marked him through life and 
which usually marks the great man. 

Others have .spoken of the great ability which so distin- 
guished his public career. But looking back over the.se three 
years from 1903 to June, 1906, when he died, in this sad 
hour, as we pay lo\-ing tribute to his memory, I would recall 
not only his modest demeanor, but his kind aud gentle .spirit, 
his alwa\-s read\' and responsi\-e sympathy, his freedom from 
bigotry, his evenness of temper, his forbearance, his charity, 
his uniform courtesy in conversation and in debate; these 
were .some of the chief characteristics which made men love 
him, and these, with his great mind, made him not onl5- a leader 
of the people, but a leader in every legislative body of which 
he was a member. Senator Gorm.\n made his impress upon 



Address of Mr. Overman, of North Carolina 5^ 

the whole country, aiul his death was himeiited not only by 
the Members of this l.)ody, but by the people throughout tliis 
broad land of ours. His seat here will not be easily filled. 
He was no ordinary man. 

He began his life work at the age of 13 as a page in this 
body, having been ajipointed by Stephen A. Douglas in 1852, 
in which position he scr\-ed for twelve 3'ears, acting during 
that time as secretary to Mr. Douglas and as postmaster of the 
Senate. It was during these years that the fires of ambition 
were lighted and began to burn in his young heart. His asso- 
ciations with great men inspired him to be great also, and he 
often dreamed of the time when he should represent his State 
in this great body and take the place of .some of the great men 
whom he so faithfully served in his young manhood. 

In 1.S66 he returned to his State to fill the important position 
of collector of internal revenue. His rise was rapid. He soon 
became a leader, filling many important po.sitions in his native 
State. He was first a director and afterwards president of the 
Che.sapeake and Ohio Canal Company. For six years he was 
a member of the house of delegates, two years of which he 
.ser\'ed as speaker of that body. For six years also he was a 
member of the State senate, until in 1881 he was elected to 
the United vStates Senate. Here his rise was rapid also. It 
was but a short time until he was regarded as one of the 
leaders of his party, and his advice was sought in every great 
movement for his party's success. 

He was a master parliamentarian, and it was greatly through 
his skill and tactics that a minority was able to defeat in the 
Senate legislation hostile to his section. In 1S89 he was made 
the leader of his party upon the floor of the Senate, leading 
them through many a storm to victory. But perhaps his 
greatest triumph, and one for which his party and the South 



56 Mi'uiorial Addresses : Artliiir P. (roiniiati 

owe him a lasting debt of ijratitude, and one which she \vi!l 
never forget, was his magnificent leadership and the noble 
fight he made against the election bill. Under his leadership 
and directed by his skill the minority achieved a glorious 
victory and succeeded in defeating that bill, whicli e\en its 
friends now admit was not only unwise, l)Ut which would have 
proved disastrous to the South and perhai^s caused a race war 
and bloodshed. 

While .Senator (r(:)KM.\.\ was gentle and kind in his nature, 
Mr. President, \et he was as courageous as a lion and deter- 
mined whenever the occa.sion required. In the exciting days 
following the election of Grover Cle\-eland to the Pre.sidency, 
when the result for days seemed in doul)t and the leaders of 
the ojiposite party were making claims of \'ictory. Senator 
GoKM.\N was at the Democratic headquarters. He was on the 
watchtower day and night guarding his party's interests and 
infusing courage and determination in its leaders. He knew 
Mr. Cleveland was elected and was determined that the expe- 
rience of 1S76 should n(it lie repeated; that the man elected 
by the people should be inaugurated their Pre.sident. 

In the last Presidential campaign he was again a.sked to lead 
his party, l>ut on account of his failing health he was com]ielled 
to decline. Thus for a cjuarter of a century his advice and 
counsel were .sought by the leaders of his party in the nation, 
while here his a.ssociates found him a wise, safe, and sympa- 
thetic counsellor. 

The most striking ilhrstration of his influence and the esteem 
in which he was held by his party associates on this floor is the 
fact that, having been retired for .six years, upon his election 
in 1903 he was nnanimously restored to his old leadership; 
and I doubt if the annals of the Senate will show a suj^erior in 
parliamentary tactics. He was always in his seat, ever watch- 



.iiiiirc'ss of Mr. O-.'rniiau^ of Morth Carolina 57 

ful of his party's as well as his country's interests, helpful and 
influential in shaping legislation and policies, sound in judg- 
ment, (piick of perception, well infonne<l upon all great (jues- 
tions affecting the Government. He was not only respected 
and followed by his party associates. l)Ut he always connnanded 
the admiration of his opponents. 

His voice is forever still ; his labors and sorrows are over ; 
but the memory of his good deeds and his pulilic career will 
live in history. We indulge the hope that when the call came 
to pa.ss over the dark river he was prepared to meet his Pilot 
face to face. 

.Sunset and fvenint; .star. 

And one clear call for nie ! 
And may there be no inoaninif of Uk- liar 

When I put out to sea. 

Twilight and evening bell, 

And after that the dark ! 
And mav there be no .sadnes.s of farewell 

When I embark. 

For tho' from out our bourne nf time and place, 

The flood may bear me far, 
I hope to see my Pilot face to face 

When I have cro.st the bar. 



58 Mcinoriixl Addresses: Artlini /'. Coriiiiut 



Address of Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 

Mr. President: Other Senators have fully covered the 
facts in the life of our lamented colleague and have given 
voice to their feelings and love and respect. Each man who 
has spoken so eloquently in his prai.se has drawn a picture of 
his public characteristics and personal traits. I shall present 
another pha.se of his work and life. 

In my long service with the Senator from Maryland I was 
always impressed with the completeness with which he illus- 
trated the famous Latin maxim ''Suaviter in modo, fortiter in 
re." Gentle in manners, resolute indeed. He was especially 
courteous and friendly in his dealings with all men. He was 
warm-hearted to a fault and ever ready to do a favor or an act 
of kindness. At the same time he was a man of great force 
and strength of character, ready to fight with all of his might 
for any cause in which he enlisted. He was e.specially quali- 
fied for leadership, because of the tact and skill with which 
he carried out his plans. He was a diplomatist of the very 
highest type, but was always loyal to his convictions. In those 
qualities which make for good leadership — judgment and a 
knowledge of human nature — he was especially strong and 
carried men along with him almost without their knowing it. 
I have never seen his superior as a party leader, and, though 
he made mistakes, as we all do, he was exceptionalh- free from 
the weakness which characterizes .some men of blaming others 
for the blunders made. 

In the history of the politics of his time he will always 
occupy a prominent place, and few men who have filled the 
high position of Senator exerted a weightier influence ou legis- 



Address of Mr. Tillniaii, of South Carolina 59 

latioii than did Senator Gokmax. His greatest service, cer- 
tainh' one of the greatest achievements of liis career, of whicli 
mention has been already made, was the defeat of the force 
bill: that bitter partisan measure which would have postponed 
for years, if it had not absolutely destroyed, all chance for the 
happy condition and relation toward each other of the two sec- 
tions of our great country whicli now exists. Had that bill 
passed, sectional hatred would have flamed up into intensity as 
great or greater than existed at the close of the civil war, and 
strife and bloodshed would have followed on a scale which can 
only be conjecturetl. Its strongest advocates are now content 
to acknowledge that it was a great mistake to have undertaken 
to pass such a law. In proportion as this feeling of satisfaction 
shall grow Senator Gorman's services will stand out in bold 
relief and more and more entitle hiui to the admiration and 
respect of posterity for his great work in that great crisis. 

There is another incident of his career that had as much or 
more than any other act of his life to do with making him, for 
the time being, unpopular with the unthinking masses and 
causing him to become the object of most bitter and vindicti\-e 
criticism. I mean the charge, which, though not made in 
direct words, was unmistakably aimed at him, of being guilty 
of "party perfidy and party dishonor" in regard to the Wilson- 
Gorman tariil bill. It happens that I can bear personal testi- 
mony as to one of the mo.st talked-of incidents in coiuiection 
with that matter, and in discussing his career and contributing 
in ever .so .slight a way to a proper understanding of Senator 
Gorman's public work and statesmanship, I would feel recreant 
if I omitted to throw such li,ght on this tran.saction as is in my 
power to do, and join the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. Black- 
burn] in protest against injustice to Senator Gorman's memory. 

In October, 1892, I visited New York on business and 



6o Mciiioria/ .h/drtssrs : Arlluir /'. Gorman 

remained in the cit>' a week or more. I was at that time 
ijovernor of South Carolina. Xaturally I felt a mo.st keen 
interest in the result of the approaching Presidential election. 
I \'isited the Democratic headcjiiarters and had opportunity to 
talk with .some of the leading men connected with the conduct 
of the Democratic campaign. There was inten.se interest and 
feeling, in view of the well-known attitude of President Harri- 
son on the force bill. I lived in a State where the negroes 
were in the majority and where we had .suffered from negro 
dninination. So I felt the deepest concern, for the success of 
the L^emocratic party, feeling that the election of a Republican 
President at that juncture, who favored the force bill, would be 
nothing short of a national calamit)'. I found there was great 
activity at headquarters, antl frantic appeals were being made 
for campaign funds to strengthen the party in .several doubtful 
States as well as in certain .specified localities in New York 
State. 

In the vSouthern »States then — and, in a large measure, it is 
still true .so far as that section is concerned — money exerted 
ver\- little influence in elections ; but realizing that things were 
different in the North, after talking with those who had charge 
of financing the campaign, I took immediate steps to have the 
chairman of the Democratic State connnittee of South Carolina 
exert him.self t(j the utmost to oljtain as nuich money as 
possible and forward it to I )emocratic headquarters. In the 
conversations which I had with the Democratic leaders it was 
clearly brought out that the sugar refiners were read}- to con- 
tribute to the Democratic campaign fund if it could be under- 
stood that the industry wouUl lie fostered and not destrox'ed by 
the Democratic tariff policy, and I received the impression, 
which became indelibly fixed on my mind then and remains 
fi.xed t(j this day, that President Cleveland luiderstood the 



Ad(^r(ss of Mr. 7'iniiiaii, of Sotitli Cciroliini 6i 

situation and was willint,^ to acquiesce in it if \vc won at the 
polls. I did not talk witli Mr. Cleveland in person on this 
subject, though I called at his hotel to pay my respects, and I 
am thorotighly satisfied that the charge of "party perfidy- and 
party tlishonor" in the famous \Vils(jn letter was an act of 
grossest wrong and cruelty to vSenator Gorman. If Mr. Cleve- 
land, as I was told, knew of the.se negotiations and was the 
beneficiary of such a contribution, it is inconceivable how he 
could lend his great name and intluence toward destroying 
Senator Gorman's influence aud popularitx- in the way he did. 
No wonder the Senator from Maryland, in the sjieech delivered 
in this body on July 23, 1894, made this indignant denial; 

As I have said, sir, this is a most extraordiiiarj- proceeding for a Demo- 
crat, elected to the highest place in the Government, and fellow -Democrats, 
in another high place, where they have the right to speak and legislate 
generally, to join with the commune in traducing the Senate of the United 
States, to blacken the character of Senators who are as honorable as the\' 
are, who are as patriotic as they ever can be, who have done as much to 
serve their party as men who are now the beneficiaries of vour labor and 
mine, to taunt and jeer at us before the country as the a<lvocates of trusts 
and as guilty of dishonor and perfidy. 

When it is remembered that the placing of a dut_\- on sttgar 

under the Wilsou-Ciornian tariff as a substitute for the bounty 

system of the McKinley tariff was made necessary in order to 

get the votes of the two Louisiana Senators, it was easy to .see 

that we either had to have no tariff legislation that session or 

the pledges made before the election had to be carried out. 

GoRJiAN, honorable man as he was, and party leader in the 

Senate of the Democrats, redeemed e\'er\- pledge made by the 

party leaders in New York. There was .something jnithetic in 

the indignant words with which he met the charge of ' ' party 

perfidy and party dishonor," which had been so unjustly hurled 

at him by President Cleveland. I quote from the same speech 

of July 23, 1894: 

The junior Senator from New Jersey [Mr. Smith], the junior Senator 
from Ohio [Mr. Brice], and myself were then giving our time and our 



62 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. Corniau 

money and everylhinj^ that men can give for the success of the party. We 
conferred with all those distinguished gentlemen. We were not at the 
conference with the candidate, but had from both sides what had occurred. 
They wanted to know if the Democratic organization, of which we were a 
part, put the same construction upon it and would be in favor of that line 
of procedure thereafter. They said to us frankly, "We want to tell our 
people the truth. \\'e do not want to press you to give a single fraction 
of a cent to Loui.siana, but we only want to know the truth." .\t that 
solemn conclave we all said, "Yes, it is a dutiable article: it is to be and 
nmst be the corner stone by which we will overthrow McKiulevism; you 
shall have it." 

Mr. President, I would have given anything in reason for the interest 
of my people whom I represent if I could have had free sugar all along 
the line. I could not have it without violating tlie rule that I have made 
for myself, not to-day, but from the beginning of my career, for a fair 
revenue duty on all dutiable articles. 

But above all, sir, in all my public career, no man, no living being, has 
ever charged nie with perfid}-. No soul can say that I ever made a prom- 
ise about public or private matters that I did not carry it out if 1 had the 
power to do it. These two Senators and myself, carrying out our pledge, 
have stood here and been gibbeted as three men who were in a sugar trust. 
It is unnecessary to say no Senator on this floor wilu wiioni 1 am asso- 
ciated would believe such a thing, but it is due to the man who writes the 
history that he shall have the truth of the transaction. 

The effect of these unjust and perfidious attacks upon vSeu- 
ator Gorman was to give Maryland over to the Repuljlicau 
party for the time being and to .send Gokmax into retirement; 
but with the indomitable will which always characterized him 
and a better understanding l)y the people of his State of the 
real facts in the ca.se, after a period of retirement he was fully 
vindicated and returned to the Senate as Maryland's represent- 
ative in this liody. It is needless to say what gratification this 
afforded his part\' associates; and I feel it was also a matter for 
congratulation among his political opponents, for aside from 
party loj-alty, which must characterize in a way all of our deal- 
ings with each other here, the per.sonal bond is by far the 
strongest one in this great body, and men are judged and exert 
influence in a far greater degree by rea.son of their personal 



Address of Mr. Tillman^ of South Carolina 63 

relations and characteristics than fmni any other cause. His 

departure from our midst lias left a place vacant that few 

can fill; and those of us who had the privilege of knowing 

him intimately will always cherish the strongest feeling of 

admiration for the man as well as for the Senator. Always, 

Mr. President — 

* * * He bore without abuse 
The grand old name of gentleman. 



64 yfcuiorial Addresses: Artliur P. Conihxii 



Address of Mr. Whyte, of Maryland 

Mr. PresidknT: It is a custom honored in tlie observance 
to pay a just tribute to a member of the Senate when he has 

walked the way of nature ' ' and ijone hence to be seen no 
more. 

The colleagues of the late Senator Gorman have borne 
testimon>-, in no uncertain language, of the value of his pubHc 
.services in this bod>- during his long tenure of the vSenatorial 
office, and there is nothing left to be added to their estimate of 
his worth. I recognize, however, my duty, as a Senator from 
Maryland, to sa>- a word on this .sad occasion. .Silence would 
be unjust to the memor>- of the dead and false to w\\ own 
sen.se of manhood. 

My first acquaintance with the late Senator occurred in the 
sunnner of 1S71. He was then a young man 32 years of age, 
full of vigor and acuteness, after service as ]iage and Post- 
ma.ster of the Senate, and with keen knowledge of public 
affairs, acipiired in the office of collector of internal revenue 
in the fifth district of Maryland. I was a candidate for the 
. office of governor of Maryland, and jiromptly discovered in 
him an astute political leader, and our friendly relations 
began at that period. 

He came to the house of delegates for the session of 1S72, 
while I was governor, and was made its speaker. The duties 
of that position he discharged with signal ability, and what 
he had learned in the Senate, in the official position he held 
between 1862 and 1869, rendered him able to discharge the 
functions of the .speakership without eniljarrassment. 

After the session of the legislature he was made president of 



Address o/'Mi. WJn'/(\ <>/ Mcrv/diid 65 

the CliL-hiipeake and ()hiii Canal Ci>nipan>-, in which the State 
had large interests, and for which position I rendered him all 
the aid in n\\ jiower. 

About the year 1.S79, owing purely to political differences, 
the association in party affairs which had previously existed 
between us was severed, and our paths in party conferences 
thereafter ran indifferent directions; but I can with satisfaction 
sa>- at this day that our personal relations were not suspended 
up to the hour of his decease. On the contrary, whenever we 
met it was in the social and cordial way of former days. His 
jM'ivate life was most exemplary, and his devotion to his home 
and his family ^^■on the admiration of his thousands of friends 
in his native vState. 

i\Ia\- he rest in peace! 

And now, Mr. President, as a further mark of respect, I a.sk 
that the resolution I send t(.) the desk be adopted by the vSeuate. 

The \'ick-PrESIDENT. The resolution submitted by the 
junior Senator from Maryland will be read. 

The Secretary read the re.solution, as follows: 

A'iso/:rcf, That as a furtht-r mark of re.spect to the uieniory o{ tin- 
deceased, the Senate do now adjourn. 

The resolution was unanimously agreed to; and (at 5 o'clock 
and 7 minutes p. m. ) the vSenate adjourned until to-morrow, 
Saturda>', Februar>- 2, 1907, at 12 o'clock meridian 
S. Doc. 404, ,sQ-2 5 



PROCEEDINGS IN THE HOUSE 

MiiNiiAV, /iiiii-^, lgo6. 
A message from tlie Senate, by Mr. Parkinson, its reading 
clerk, announced that the Senate liad passed the following 
resolutions: 

h'csolved. That the .Senate has heard with ])n)fi>unil sorrow of the 
death of Hon. .\rthtr PrK (;orm.\n, late a Senator from the State of 
Maryland. 

Resolved, That a committee of se\-enteen Senators be appointed by the 
\"ice-President to take order for .superintending the funeral of Mr. GoK- 
M.\N, which will take place at his late residence Thursday, June 7, at 11 
o'clock, and that the Senate will attend the same. 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect his remains be removed 
from his late home to the place of interment, in Oak Hill Cemetery, 
in charge of the Sergeant-at-.A.rms, attended by the committee, who shall 
have full power to carry the.se resolutions into effect : and that the neces- 
sary expenses in connection therewith be paid out of the contingent fund 
of the Senate. 

Resoh'ed, That the Secretary conununicate a copv of these resolutions 
to the House of Representatives. 

Resol-ved, That as a further mark of resjiect to the memorv of the 
deceased the Senate do now adjourn 

And that in compliance with the foregoing the \'ice-Presi- 
dent had appointetl as said conunittee Mr. Rayner, Mr. Alli- 
son, Mr. Morgan, Mr. Hale, Mr. Aldrich, Mr. Teller. Mr. 
GalHnger, Mr. IHkins, Mr. Martin, Mr. Tillman, Mr. Clay, 
Mr. Spooner, .Mr. Kean, Mr. Bailey, Mr. Blacklnirn, Mr. Clark 
of Montana, and Mr. Overman. 

Mr. Talbott. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following resolu- 
tions: 

The Clerk read as follows : 

Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of the 
death of the Hon. .Arthur 1'ue Gorm.\n, a Senator of the Vnitcd States 
from the .State of Maryland. 
66 



Proceedings in the House 67 

Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the .Senate 
and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased Senator. 

Resolved, That a committee of seventeen Members be appointed on the 
part of the House to join the committee appointed on the part of the 
Senate to attend the funeral. ■* 

Tht vSpeaker. The que.stion is on agreeing tn the resohi- 
tious. 

The question was taken ; and tlie resoUitions were unani- 
mously agreed to. 

The Speakkk. The Chair announces the appointment of the 
following comnhttee. 

The Clerk read as follows : 

Mr. J. Fred C. Talbott, Mr. John Gill, jr. , Mr. Thomas A. Smith of 
Maryland, Mr. Sydney E. Mudd, Mr. Frank C. Wachter, Mr. George .V. 
Pearre, Mr. John S. Williams, Mr. I^eonidas F. Livingston, Mr. Thomas 
B. Davis of West Virginia, Mr. Samuel M. Robertson, Mr. John A. Moon 
of Tennessee, Mr. John H. Stephens of Texas. Mr. C. L. Bartlett, Jlr. 
J. W. Babcock, Mr. Theodore E. Burton of Ohio, Mr. James JI. Gri.g.gs. 
and Mr. John F". Rixey. 

Mr. Talbott. Mr. .Speaker, I offer the following resolution. 
The Clerk read as follows; 

Resolcvd, That as a further mark of respect, the House do now adjourn. 

The motion was agreed to. 

Accordingly (at 2 o'clock and 28 minutes p. m. ) the House 

adjourned. 

TuESD.\N', [auuiuv ,V, rgoj . 

Mr. Talbott. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for 

the ])resent consideration of the order which I send to the desk. 

The Cleik read as follows: 

(';(/<•/•(■(/, That the session of Saturday, February 2, 1907, at 2 o'clock 
p. ni., shall be set apart for memorial addres.ses on the life, character, and 
public .services of Hon. Arthur P. Gorm.\n, late a United States Senator 
from the State of Maryland. 

The SPEAKEif. Is there objection? [After a pau.se.] The 

Chair hears none. 



68 MiDion'a/ Ac/dressi's: Aitlnir P. (,(>r>iiaii 

SATrKDAV, Fibriiarv 2. igoj. 

Th(j House nift at \2 o'clock in. 

Prayer \)\ the Chaplain, Re\-. Henry N. Couden, as follows: 
Infinite and eternal spirit, (rod, our heavenly Father, in 
whom we li\-e and move and have our being, we thank 
Thee for every aspiration, for every earnest and noble en- 
deavor which leads on to larger life and civilization, and for 
that profound appreciation \vhich enables us to recognize the 
nobilit>- of .soul and real worth in our fellow-men. We 
thank Thee for the special order which sets apart this day 
as a memorial service to one who Ijecame cousjiicuous as a 
statesman, who by earnest and faithful endeavor rose from 
the humble position of a i)age on the floor of the United 
States vSenate to a member of that august Ijody, and who by 
common consent became the leader of his ]iart>-, than which 
no greater encomium could be pronounced, no grander monu- 
ment reared to his memory. Grant that his character ma}- 
ever be an inspiration to noble and pure livin.g to those who 
survive him and to those who shall come after ns, and thine 
be the glory forever. And now, Almighty Father, we are 
again moved by the news of the death of one of our Con- 
gres.sional family. Comfort, we beseech Thee, those who are 
bereft of a dear one, and help us all to live .so that when our 
time shall come we shall pass on and hear the word, "Well 
done, good and faithful servant, enter into the joys of thv 
Lord." Through Jesus Christ. Amen. 

The Speaker. The hour of 2 o'clock havin.g arrived, in 
pursuance of the order of the Hoti.se the Chair recognizes the 
.gentleman from Maryland [Mr. Talbott]. 

Mr. Talbott. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following re.solu- 
tion. 



Prorcfd/iii^s in tlie House 69 

The Spkakek. The i^entk-nian fmin .Mar>lan<l [Mr. Tal- 

bott] offers a resolution, which the Clerk will report. 

The Clerk read as follows : 

Resolved, That the business of the House be now suspended that 
opportunity may be given for tributes to the memory of Hon, Arthur 
Vvv. Gorman, late a T'nited States Senator from the State of Maryland. 

The Spp^^ker. The <inestion is on aKreeintr to the resolu- 
tion. 

The (iuestion was taken; and the resolution was agreed to. 



MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 



Address of Mr. Talbott, of Maryland 

Mr. vSpEAKKK : vSenator Akthur Puk C/OKMAN was born 
March ii, 1839. His father was of Irish dtscciit and was a 
prominent niercliant and contractor, with lart;e influence in 
Democratic poHtics in Howard County. Mar>land, where the 
late Senator was born. His mother, who.se maiden name was 
Elizabeth Brown, was a descendant of one of the oldest and most 
prominent families in Howard Count\', which occupied a con- 
■spicuous place before and during the Revolutionar\' period. At 
the a^e of 13 Mr. CjORM.vn was appointed a jiatje in the United 
States vSenate. I am informed ujxmi the reconiniendation of the 
Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, who always manifested a decided in- 
terest in him. His was a public .school education, acquired in 
his native county, and while limited, b\' the unaided power of 
his own personality he attained places of power and distinction. 
He was promoted from page to postmaster of the Senate, which 
position he occupied until September i, 1866, at which time he 
was removed because of activity' in the cause of President John- 
son during his noted impeachment trial. Immediately after his 
removal as postmaster of the Senate President Johnson ap- 
pointed him collector of internal revenue for the fifth district of 
Maryland. Thisoffice Mr. Gorm.\n filled until after the inaugu- 
ration of President Grant, in 1S69. In that year he was elected 
a member of the hou.se of delegates of Maryland, was reelected 

71 



72 Moiiorial Addresses: Arlliitr /'. (rdriinui 

in kSji. and at the session of 1^-2 was elected speaker of the 
house. In Jnne. iSj.?. he was elected president of the Chesa- 
peake and Ohio Canal Company, and in 1875 was elected to the 
State senate from Howard County ; was elected in January. 
iSSo. to the United States Senate, reelected in 1886 and 1892, 
and was again chosen Senator in 1902. It will thus be seen that 
promotion followed fast throughout his entire life — from page 
to postmaster, from member to speaker of the Maryland house 
of delegates, from State Senator to United States Senator. 

This rapid promotion was becau.se of his extraordinary ability 
being recognized by those with whom he came in contact in the 
many positions he occupied. I remember that ver\- shortly after 
Senator Gorm.\x began his first term in the Senate, the Hon. 
James B. Beck, of Kentucky, inquired of me where we found 
our junior Senator. I replied: 

We did iKil lind him; he luaile hiin.self known, and the people made 
him Senator. 

Senator F^eck then said: 

The legislature of Maryland may have made mistakes in former times 
when they elected Senators, but this time made no mistake. 

At that time Senator Beck was chairman of the Democratic 
caucus. This, from such a .source, was praise indeed, and 
showed that Mr. (rOk.M.^.x had already made an impression 
on the Senate — an impression that grew by steps until he 
became the undisputed leader of his ])arty and one of the .great- 
est parliamentarians our Government has known. The Hon. 
James G. Blaine, in his magnificent eulogy on President (lar- 
fiekl, delivered from the vSpeaker's chair Februarv 27, 1882, 
.said : 

The three most distinguished parliamentary leaders hitherto developed 
in this country are Mr. Clay, Mr. Douglas, and Mr. Thaddeus Stevens. 
They were all men of consummate ability, of great earnestness, of intense 
personality, differing widely each from the others and yet with a single 
trait in common — the power to command. 



Address of Mr. Talbott, of Afory/aiid -J ^-f 

He said it would be difficult to rank with these a fourth 
name in all of our Congressional history-. To this most dis- 
tinguished group I would add Senator Akthik Pue CtOkman. 

Mr. Gorman's greatest claim to be added t(j that list rests 
upon his masterful fight as party leader in the Senate against 
the Republican attempt to enact the so-called "force bill." 
The bill was in charge of the late vSenator Hoar, of Massa- 
clursetts, a strong debater and acconiplishinl parliamentarian. 
The vote to take up the bill for consideration on December 3, 
iSc)0. was — veas 41, nays 30. The contest was continuous 
from that date until the 22d of January, 1891, when the bill 
was displaced on the motion of vSenator W'olcott, of Colorado, 
that the .Senate proceed to the consideration of the bill making 
an apportionment of Representatives in Congress among the 
several .States under the Eleventh Census, the vote upon which 
motion was — yeas 35, nays 34. During the .seven weeks' con- 
sideration of the bill, Mr. Ookm.ax occupied the floor for a 
considerable time himself, was the recognized leader of the 
minority, and managed the parliamentary features of the de- 
bate. During the contest and discussion of the propo.sed legis- 
lation the people of the country came to realize that it was not 
wise legi.slation and not in the interest of the entire cc)untr\', 
and six able Republican Senators became likewi.se impressed. 
The adoption of the force bill would have called a halt on the 
prosperity of the .South, the .section of the country against 
which it was specialh' aimed, and would lia\'e re'egated it 
again to the sort of government it suffered in the days of re- 
construction; in fact, no man can tell how disastrous its adop- 
tion would have been to the whole coiuitry. Its defeat gave 
the South renewed courage and confidence in the future. Mil- 
lions of dollars traveled that way from all sections to be in- 
vested, new railnjads were built, old lines extended, cotton 



74 Mtiiiiiria/ .h/drrsses : Artlinr I', (ioniiaii 

mills were erected, steel plants spranj< up; in fact, the develop- 
ment of the various interests of the South has been .so rapid 
that the railroad lines now in operation in that section are 
tmequal to transporting its cotton, steel, and various products, 
and general prosperity reigns. 

The deceased Senator is entitled to the gratitude of every 
patriotic citizen, and especiall\' of the people of the South- 
land. If he had rendered us no other public service, this of 
it.self ought to be sufficient to entitle him to the gratitude of 
the entire American people. This feeling in his own State 
was so great that wlien the Democratic vState convention met 
in 1891 Mr. Gokjian was unanimously named as the candi- 
date of his party for the Senate, a thing without precedent 
in the politics of Maryland, and in further recognition of his 
great services he was presented a handsome silver service, 
paid for by his admirers in the State. 

Mr. GoKM.vx was an ideal hu.sband and father, and no man 
in public life enjoxed home surroundings more thoroughly 
than he, more e.specially when he could leave Washington 
and return to his countr\' home in Howard Coinit\-, where 
he would enjoy farm life and his family without the constant 
interruptions of visitors and callers on all kinds of public 
and private business. He often remarked that this country 
life, surroiuided by his family, was the greatest relief to 
him — more relief than could be well imagined by one in pri- 
vate life. The Senator was charitable in every .sen.se of the 
word, and never was known to refuse to contribute to the 
relief of those in want and trouble. He took special care 
to .see that the families of his tried and true friends were 
properh' taken care of, and assisted in the way calculated 
to do the most good. I think, Mr. Speaker, that the lan- 
guage u.sed by Mr. Gorm.vn in his eulog)' on Senator Hoar, 



Address of Mi-. TalbotI, of Maryland 75 

of Massachusetts, could be properly applied at this time to 

himself ; 

He was a man of pure and stainless life; he could feel for the victims 
of temptation. Mixed in his own creed, he was ever ready to recognize 
the sincerity of those who preached a different faith. 

Mr. CrOKMAX labored most intelliseiith- and constanth', and 
mastered ex'ery question and its details with which he had to 
deal. Without ever having studied law he could put the 
proper con.struction on a legislative or Congressional enactment. 
He thoroughly understood and could with great force di.scuss 
all ])ublic questions. He was prophetic on at least one impor- 
tant i|nestion. He was the first ])ubhc man to my knowledge 
who declared publicU- that the question of transportation and 
the control of railroad corporations would have to be dealt 
with by Congress. 

He was ever grateful to tlie people of his native -State who 
had so frequently honored him, and was largely instrumental 
in securing for them great and needed improvements. 

As Senator, in addition to looking after the material inter- 
ests of the State and city of Baltimore, he was iKjt luimindful of 
the claims of private citi/.ens and gave ])nnnpt attention to all 
matters to which they called his attention. Senator CrOKM.vx 
had enemies — all public men have had them in the past, and all 
l)ublic men will have them in the future — Init the compen.sation 
in his case was, he had hosts of warm, true friends, alwa>-s 
reach- and willing to assist him in his battles, who now confess 
their great loss and pay tribute to his memory and rejoice in 
the life he lived so well, so usefully, and .so honorably. He was 
extrenielv courteous in manner and one of the most attractive 
men it has ever been my fortune to know, accessible at all times 
to the humble citizen as well as to the citizen of wealth and 
]iromincnce. All who came in contact with him became at 



76 .^fcniorial Addresses : .Ir/fuir /'. Cm-nmii 

once impressed with tlie fact tliat he was a ijreat deal more tliaii 
the ordiiiar}'- man. We all miss him and mourn his loss, and 
will contintie to do so while life lasts, especiall\- those who were 
his almost daily companions and enjoyed his confidence and 
affection. 

The Speakkk. The Kentleman from Maryland [Mr. Talhotl] 
will please take the chair. 

Mr. T.M.HoTT assumed the chair. 



Address of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois 



Address of Mr. Cannon, of Illinois 

Mr. Spkakkk: I have Ijeeii askeil to say a w'ord tmichiiiic 
the hfe anil sc-rvices of the late Arthur Pup; Gorman. 

The Ma.ster .said on one occasion, when one who ought to 
have accompanied him gave an excuse that his father was dead 
and he nmst needs go and Inu'v him, "Let the dead l)iir>- the 
dead." And as the life of a generation on an average is under 
40 years, this rule nuist neces.sarily l)e observed. Otherwise 
the world would be one vast house of mourning and the race 
would not make pro.gress. And yet, when those cross the river 
with whom we ha^•e associated, to the famiU and friends and 
associates of the deceased the crossing begets sorrow, mourning, 
and regret, and the practice grows of paying a tribute where it 
is deserved to those who ha\-e crossed over. 

I had many \ears of service in the House coincident to the 
service of vSenator Gorman in the Senate. I became very well 
acquainted with him personally as well as in a legislative capac- 
it\ . My service upon the House Committee on Appropriations 
and his service, among other connnittees of the .Senate, upon 
the Senate Connnittee on Appropriations, brought me frequently 
in a.ssociation with him. That was true toward the clo.se of the 
session, when representing the Hou.se in conference, together 
with my colleagues, with Senator Gorman and his colleagues 
upon the ci.mference connnittee representing the .Senate, for the 
.settlement of differences between the two Ijodies. In fact, I 
may say that my acquaintance began with him in consequence 
of work of that kind. I could bear cheerful testimony, if it 
were needed — I think the worUl knows it without my bearing 
such testimon\-, however — that he brought to his work in a 



78 Ml iiKtrial Addresses: .Irlltiir P. (roniiciii 

reinarkaljlt- iltgrec sincerit\" of purpose and a desire for service 
to the people of the United States in his leg-islative capacity. 
He not only brought great intelligence, great culture, great 
knowledge, great integrity, but he also brought great industry. 
Legi.slative duties in both House and Senate are .somewhat 
varied. 

There is a sentiment throughout the country to be conserved 
or created, and it is very important indeed from the partv 
standpoint and from the standpoint of the best interests of the 
Republic that there should be a just and correct sentiment, that 
is frequenth' nurtured — .--Dnietimes I ma\' say created — Ijv the 
debates in the two bodies. publicit\' being given b\- the press. 
There the man who abounds in oratory, with fitting words to 
clothe the ideas that he may have, becomes \aluable. But 
after all, with the new.spapers universal, I think the capacity 
to discu.ss public questions, as comj)ared with the capacitv to 
understand public business, and without display or oratory 
consider it, where one is in condition to a.ssist materially in its 
transaction, perhaps is a more valuable factor than the other 
factor of creating puljlic sentiment. I do not aim to minimize 
either of these factors. Senator (ruKM.\x as a debater was 
strong and forceful and clear, Init, in my judgment, his abilitN', 
his tact, his indu,str>-, and his knowledge in the conference 
room touching daily transactions in legislation were, to say the 
least of it, equal to his ability as a delwter in the Senate of the 
United States. Sometimes it is fashionable in the countrv, if 
we can not think of anything else to say, to cartoon or to put a 
humorous little bit in the newspapers, if they need a stickful, 
.sometimes a fling with or without malice, as it may be, at the 
Congress of the United States. We are not all Solomons in 
either the Hou.se or the Senate, nor are we all W'ebsters, nor 
are we all Gormaxs. 



^■IMrrss of Mr. Cainioii, of Illinois 79 

But, measuriii<j; 1113- words, after some length of service in 
the House of Representatives and in contact with the Senate, 
I believe those two great bodies, in their personnel, axerage 
the picked men of the Republic. I refer to this at this time 
because most of the valuable service that a Senator or a Repre- 
sentative performs for the Republic is a ser\-ice of which the 
world does not know. Frequently the average reader, l)eing 
interested in other matters touching the acquiring of his daily 
bread and performing his tluty as a jirivate citizen, if he reads 
about it at all does not understand, or does not take the trouble 
to understand. It is not interesting. In other words, as the 
conunon expression is, "it will not read itself." In my judg- 
ment this great son of Mars'land, who has crossed o\'er, in his 
splendid and magnificent .service in the Senate of the United 
vStates is entitled to more credit for the things that never 
caught the public attention than he is for the magnificent 
.service which connnanded the puLilic attention antl the public 
approval. 

I said a moment ago that the average life of a generation 
is uniler fort>' S'ears. An old epitaph in Cheltenham cluirch- 
vard puts into the mouth of an infant who died at the age of 
three weeks the couplet — 

It is so soon that I am done for, 
I wondi r what I was begun for. 

And it .seems that all of us at times feel like asking that 
question. But we are so situated that, while we do sta\ , such 
is the necessity for effort that we may live and l)e subsisted, 
and care for those of the household and those who are to 
follow, and to pay our debt to civilization from the standpoint 
of reputation and from the standpoint of an honest desire to 
perform our function and do our part, we are content to do 
the best we can; and when the end ccjmes, in ni}- judgment. 



8o Miiiion'a/ . l/Mrrsscs.- .Irlliiir I'. (,orniai! 

that man is a ha])]))' man who has been in ]iul)lic hfe and who 
can say, "Well, it is now liehiml me, hut in in\' day, to the 
best of my abiUty, I contributed to the progress of the Repiib- 
Hc and of civihzation as I was .tjiven to see the right." I 
beheve Arthi-r Pue Gorman, as he crossed over, liad the 
right to make that dechiratiou. 



Addnss of Mr. Clark, ofMissouri 8i 



Address of Mr. Clark, of Missouri 

Mr. Speaker; It is pr()l)al)le that almost every Representa- 
tive and .Senator who was never innch in Washington prior to 
his election to Congress forms a somewhat definite opinion from 
afar as to the chief actors in this political and legislative scene; 
but after he has l)een here long enough to observe and study 
them at short range he will be compelled by the unimjieach- 
able evidence of hisown senses to modifx- his verdict in many 
cases, always to his surprise, sometimes with delight, and 
sometimes with regret, 

Public men may be divided roughh' into three classes: Those 
equal to their reputations, those bigger than their reputations, 
and those smaller than their reputations. 

Arthur Pue CtORMan at a distance, as described by the 
voice of fame, was a pleasing, a commanding figure. He grew 
on one from jiersonal contact and close insjiection. His hand- 
some presence, his win.some manners, his exquisite courtesy — 
which was ingrained, not put on and off as a garment — his 
thoughtful and unfailing kindness to newcomers, his unsur- 
pa.ssed tact, his rare equipoise, his wi.se counsel when .sought 
by even the humblest Member, his splendid powers as a con- 
ver.sationalist, all tended to enhance the high estimate one had 
formed of him from the public press and from the Congres- 
sional Record. 

I want to interpolate at this point a matter suggested by the 
very fine speech of Speaker Cannon. In the Christmas holi- 
days of 1899 the Southern Railroad ga\'e tlie ( iridiron Club an 
excursion to Charleston, vS. C. Going down and coming back 
they were the gue.sts of the road ; in Charleston the>' were the 
S, Doc. 404, 59-2 6 



82 Miuiorial Addresses : Aitliiir 1'. (ioriiutii 

guests of the city ; and I never in my life had a more enjoyable 
trip. The club invited Senator Tillman, Senator Depew, and 
mvself to go along and make s])eeches, though as a matter of 
fact several members of the club could have made better 
speeches than an\' of us. 

On that trip I propounded this query to the members of the 
club one night, and I did it becau.se our reputations here 
depend very largel>' on what the newspapers say. I asked 
them how it was that you might take two men who on the 
whole were of about the same abilities and same influence in 
this House and in the Senate and they were always exploiting 
one of them and never exploiting the other. I said that I had 
no reason to complain, because I thought I had had my full 
share of exploitation. At first they denied the proposition. 
They said it was not true. Then I gave them a few samples 
that had fallen under my own ob.servatiou : and at last they 
gave this answer: That the\' supposed it must be true; that 
one man's style of speaking was epigrammatic or anecdotal; 
they could take an extract from that speech and make good 
reading news of it, while another man might make an equally 
good speech for the purpo.ses of legislation, but it was one they 
could not treat that way. And they came to the conclusion 
that that is really the reason why some Members of the House 
and some Senators always figure in the newspapers, while .some 
others of equal capacity' and of equal influence .scarcely appear 
in them at all. 

Early impressions are never effaced. My fatlier was an 
enthusiast touching phrenology and jihy.siognomy. He was an 
omniverous reader, and among the periodicals in which lie 
delighted and which he reconnnended to me as mental ])abulnm 
in my youth was the Phrenological Journal, published by 
h'owler & Wells. Mv favorite teacher in the conunon schools 



Address of Mr. Clark, of Missouri S3 

was a professional phrenologist. With such earl>- guides it 
was inevitable that I should all my days be a student of the 
human face divine. It is a most fascinating recreation. W'hile 
I have long since abandoned the theory that one ma>- deter- 
mine what is on the inside of a man's Iiead by feeling the 
bnm]is on the outside, I still adhere to the belief that there is 
nuich in both phrenology and physiognonn'. (rod writes a 
man's character and capacity in his face. To >ome his hand- 
writing is perfectly legible: to others it is an inscrutal)le 
mvsterv. Alexander Pope uttered an important truth when 
he said : 

The proper study of niaiikind is man. 

vSome men are .so ugh- and nngainh- that it is a positive 
advantage to them as public speakers b>- reason of the pleasur- 
able surpri.se which their eloquence or logic or learning excites 
in their hearers. Others are so prepo.ssessing that they have 
won the hearts of their audience before they hare opened their 
mouths. To this latter category Senator tk)KM.\x undoubtedly 
belonged. For some occult psychological reason we never or 
rarely speak of manly l:ieaut\-. By conunon consent and inune- 
morial custom we use the word '■beautiful" as descriptive of 
the females of our race. In the case of males we substitute 
the word "handsome." Senator C.ok.man was the handsomest 
man of his time. In my goings to and fro I have .seen only 
two as hand.some — C.en. John Cabell Breckenridge, who was 
Vice-President and \\\w in all probability would have been 
President of the Republic but for the war between the States, 
and John Henr> Neville, my profe.ssor of Greek at Kentucky 
University, who divided all mankind into (^reeks and barba- 
rians. To look upon the countenance of any of this distin- 
guished trio was a feast for the eyes. 

With the dead there is no rivalry; hence I can say these 



84 Memorial .Iddrcssis : .l)tli)ir J\ (r(>r»iaii 

tliinj^s withijut offtiise. Proof conclusi\-e of ,Senat(ir Gok.man's 
handsomeness is this: In Washington there is a company wliose 
chief business is tlie making of cuts to ilhistrate newspapers, 
magazines, periodicals, and books. For the purpose of adver- 
tising its work it always sends out cuts of the superb head and 
face of Senator Gorman. 

His cast of features was Greek — such as Phidias would ha^•e 
delighted to commemorate in marble and Apelles to reproduce 
on canvass. His intellect po.sse.s.sed all the subtlety of the 
Greek mind in the palmy days of the Atlienian philo.sophers. 

Of moderns, he resembled Talleyrand rather than Napoleon. 
He was a di])liimatist of the highest order — a most skillful man- 
ager of men — the most consunnnate parliamentary leader of his 
generation. Others excelled him in eloquence, in learning, in 
debating ability, and in power of repartee, huX in strategy he 
overtopped them all. To him is peculiarly applicable the old 
Latin dictum, " Suaviter in modo, fortiter, in re." To u.se an 
expression homely 1iut full of meaning, he "took things In- the 
smooth handle. 

He rose to the leadership of the Senate Democrats not by self- 
seeking, but by rea.son of his universally acknowledged fitness 
for that high and onerous position. 

His defeat of the Lodge "force bill" must ever be regarded 
as one of the most brilliant victories achieved In" any minorit\' 
leader in the histor>- of Congress. It so endeared him to the 
.southern people that they would have gladly made him Pre.si- 
dent, though they differed with him on more than one impor- 
tant matter of policy; and the chances are that he would have 
won that distinction, the ne ]ilus ultra of human aml)ition, had 
he been en rapport with the Democracy of the West on the 
tariff and financial questions. It is generally believed that he 
threw away the Presidency at Chicago in 1S92 by refusing to 



Address of Mr. Clark, of Missonr? 85 

permit his friends to make a fight for him. No adequate exj)la- 
iiation of his refusal has ever been \ouchsafed to us — perhaps 
never will he. 

Outside the Senate his masterpiece was the successful man- 
agement of the Presidential campaign of i.S,S4. It was a most 
brilliant performance and entitles him to a place in the very 
front rank of American political leaders. There is little doubt 
that had he been chairman of the national conunittee in 1.S88 
Grover Cle\-eland would ha\-e been reelected and the current of 
our history changed for \ears — it ma>- be forever. Whether, 
on the whole, the histor>- of our countrs- for the last nineteen 
years would be more jileasant to contemplate is a (piestion 
al)out which men will differ and which 1 will not argue on this 
occasion; but surely it is not inapropos or in bad taste to say 
that had Cleveland been reelected in 188S two momentous snb- 
.sequent events would not have happened — the passage of the 
McKinley tariff bill and the election of William McKinley to 
the Presidencv — for it nuist be clear to the philo.sophical stu- 
dent of our history that while the McKinle>- tariff law, assisted 
by a gerrymander of Ohio, eliminated McKinley from Con- 
gress, the same causes made him governor twice and sent him 
to the White House for two terms. It is altogether jnobable 
that McKinley was greatly cast down by his defeat for Con- 
gre.ss in 1890. If .so, when he delivered his optimistic .second 
inaugural address, March 4, 1901, if he gave any thought to 
that defeat, he must have clearly realized the truth of the old 
.saying that "seeming calauiities are .sometimes blessings in 
di.sgui.se." 

First and last there has been much i)hilosophizing as to how 
freqtiently in this world great events hinge upon small one.s — 
so small, in fact, as to appear trifles light as air. In one of 
the finest passages in his delightful lectures on the "Four 



86 Memorial Addresses: Artlinr /'. (ronitaii 

Georges" — and there is no nobler prose in our vernacular — 
William Makepiece Thackeray tells how in 1715 James vStuart 
failed to gain the Three Kingdoms because certain of his ad- 
herents who were to escalade Edinburgh Castle stopped to 
drink his health in a tavern in Edinburgh town and arrived 
two hours too late at the rendezvous under the castle walls. 

So it may be said that but for the Cleveland-Gorman feud 
Cleveland might have been reelected in 1888; Democratic 
policies might have been put in force; Cleveland would not 
have been reelected in 1S92, for Democrats are unalterablv 
opposed to a third term for any man; and if Democratic poli- 
cies had proved acceptable, we would have conducted the 
affairs of the Repulilic for many years. Who was to blame 
for the quarrel betwixt those two conspicuous men, so unlike 
. in mind, method, training, and careers, I am not trying to 
settle now — it would be out of place; l»nt I most heartily 
conuuend it to the hi.storian of our times as the turning point 
in our politics ever since and perhaps for decades yet to come. 
I hope, however, that I may be pardoned this comment — that 
to think of what has Iteen and then what might have been is 
enough to make a Democrat sick at heart. 

Mr. CiORM.\N- was a protege of Stephen A. Douglas and 
took his first political lessons out of the book of that remark- 
able man. It is .strictly within the bounds of truth to .say that 
the pupil was worth>- of the master. Botli led their part\- in 
the Senate in stirring times, and each narrowl\- mi,s,sed the 
highest political honor when it seemed almost within his 
gra.sp. 

If Senator Gorman ever experienced any disappointment 
or felt any bitterness becau.se of his failure to reach the Presi- 
dency, he gave no sign, but went on serenely, courteously, 
and with dignity until the final sununons came. 



Address oj Mr. Smi/h, of AJary/aiid 87 



Address of Mr. Smith, of Maryland 

Mr. Speaker: The career of the late Senator Gorman in 
its historical and biographical aspects has been dwelt upon ably 
and in detail in both Houses of Congress \-esterday and to-day, 
and he occupied such a large place in the National Legislature 
and was so intimately connected with many great events during 
his long service at the Capitol, which, with his part therein, 
will go down in American history, that it is neither necessary 
nor desirable for me to refer even in the briefest way to what 
he was and did as a Senator of the United States. 

As a Representative from Maryland I rise here to pay a 
feeble tribute to his memory, impelled by the knowledge that 
the people of my district wish me upon this sad occasion to 
join in recalling the virtues of the dead, and this tribute, inade- 
quate as it is, is an expression, too, of the personal sorrow of 
one who was proud to po,s.sess the friendship of that son of 
Maryland whose vacant seat in the Senate echoed the vacancy 
in the hearts of his people. 

Measured by his accompli.shments in the other end of the 
Capitol, Mr. Gorman's name will .stand high upon the roll of 
Maryland Senators. It was his good fortune that the best part 
of his pidilic life was cast in a period when the work at hand 
was fitted to his eminent abilities, to his shrewdne.ss in debate, 
his wisdom in council, and his unrivaled political generalship. 
It is the.se qualities for which he will be remembered, and his 
u.sefulness in the vSenate and to the country as a statesman of 
well-poi.sed and practical talents, a usefulness .so long and so 
widely recognized, can ne\-er fade from the record of American 
national legislation. 



88 Ml iiioriii/ Aiidn-sscs: Arlltnr P. Goriiiaii 

Industry and self-reliance were ilistin.i,aiishini;- traits of the 
page whose patron was Douglas as thev were of the Senator 
when he had gained the same heights upon which the figure of 
Douglas had been the object of his boyish admiration. All 
through his life Mr. Gokm.\x was a hard worker, and in the 
earlier portion of it largely dependent upon his own efforts and 
capabilities, and from this viewpoint his career teaches with 
silent force the lesson of the cardinal characteristics which have 
always been the root of the development and perfecting of the 
individual in tair American leaders. 

Mr. GoR.MAX was a lo\able man, as thou.sands can testify, 
and the man as he was known in )onder Senate was the .same 
man as he was known in the lowliest walks of life. ' In per- 
sonal intercourse he was kindly and generous, and amid all the 
disillu.sionments and .sometimes sordid .scenes of political strife 
which, more than most men, it was his lot to encoiuiter he still 
]ire.ser\'ed a gentle and winning manner and a sweetne.ss of 
temper which endeared him to his friends and acquaintances 
and shed a Ijeneficent influence upon all with whom he came in 
contact. We. with many others, have seen and wondered at 
the composure, the grave courtesy, the kindliness of speech 
and of thought and of action which, whether in public gather- 
ings, friendh" or otherwise, or in the shelter of our homes and 
his, charmed and .soothed. 

In the varied private relations of life, in that environment 
where one is really tested as to true and unshaded character, 
Mr. Gorman' uniformly exhibited, and to a very marked 
degree, all the virtues which bless the spheres of family and 
friendship. 

His mortal body is hidden forever from our .sight by the 
grave, but from its darkne.ss and silence blooms, and will for- 
ever bloom for us, the memory of his goodness, of his great- 
ness, and of his patriotism. 



Address of Mr. Si)ii//i, of Mary/and 89 



ADDRESS OF Mr. Livingston, of Georgia 

Mr. SrEAKEK: Senator Oorman was, in connnon parlance, 
a self-made man. He had, by lont;" contact with public men 
and public affairs, an extensive knowledge of men and thint;s. 
This knowledge, with his .splendid endowment of conun(.)n 
.seiLse, his unflinching integrity', his s\inpath\' for all, his .gen- 
tleness and innate modesty, qualified him for the duties of life, 
whether to the .State or to .society, and made him a very popu- 
lar citizen and official and a beloved husl)and and father. To 
know him was to love him. His official life has been largely 
dwelt upon in the,se .services, both here and in the Senate. He 
was an official con.servative, .safe, and succe.ssful, hence his 
designation as a leader in the Senate and his political party as 
well as his fast hold upon his people in his native State. Hut 
for his modesty or lack of aggressiveness he would have headed 
the ticket for President as a representative of the national 
Democratic party. He was an old-fashioned Democrat, with- 
out the taint of many new-fangled notions called "principles," 
so common at this da>-. He certainly held that the Govern- 
ment was by the people, from the people, and for the people — a 
simple Democrat. His coinisel and advice were .sought and 
titilized by the leaders in his political j)art>- generalh', and on 
more than one occa.sion when his counsel was not followed 
came defeat. He was a manly man, and, indeed, when he fell 
asleep a great man had fallen — great in his party, great in his 
official position as a Senator, great, in the broad sense, as a 
citizen of this great and growing country, and while we can no 
longer look upon his plea.sant and cheerful face nor .seek his 
coun.sel or leadership, yet his works, his words, and life are left 
us that we may in coming generations admire and follow in his 
footsteps. 



90 Mtiitorial Addresses : Arthur I'. Lroriiiaii 



Address of Mr. Clayton, of Alabama 

Mr. Speakek : Two reasons constrain me to say something 
on this occasion. First, the ohlig^ation, the debt of ji^ratitude, 
that the people of Alabama owe Senator Gokm.\n for his vain- 
able services in more than one instance during the last thirt\- 
years in various political conflicts in that vState, involving, as 
the white people there believed then and now believe, the 
maintenance of Christian civilization it.self. Senator Cok.m.\n 
on repeated occasions lent to us his counsel and his wisdom, 
and in other ways gave to us a helinng hand in our hours of 
darkness and trial. 

Again, Mr. Speaker, I am constrained to say something 
because of my umiualified re.spect and great admiration for the 
man, I first came to kno^v Senator Gorman at the national 
convention at vSt. Louis in 1SS8, when Mr. Cleveland was 
nominated for the .second time. From that day to this, in 
every national campaign, I came into contact with Senator 
Gorman, and met him officially and socially upon my advent 
here ten years ago. 

I think I knew the man as he was, and I believe that if he 
had adopted a Latin motto it w^juld hr.ve been " e.sse (juam 
videri," for to me he was always what he seemed to be. Mr. 
Gorman was not a self-seeker ; he rarely ever thrust his 
advice upon others ; he was modest ; he was retiring ; yet 
he was ready and willing to advi.se, and ready and willing 
to do when called upon. That he was mode.st is perhaps best 
attested by the modest biography written in the Congressional 
Directorv. There is not one line of self-laudation, there is not 



Address of Mr. Clayton, of .llabaiiia 91 

one claim in there that he did anything worthy of praise, and 
liis life was full of meritorious conduct. Those who served 
with him in the vSenate, and those in the House who knew 
him, have testified to the number of conspicuous, brilliant, and 
useful things that he did, and yet in his modest biographical 
sketch he makes no mention of an>' of them. The mere 
achievements, the mere political honors that came to him, are 
stated in their chronological order. With that he contents 
himself. 

I shall not speak at length of his services to the country, but 
I was glad to see that in reading the account of the proceedings 
in the Senate on ye.sterday some measure of justice has been done 
to Senator Gorman, even in this late (la\-, in regard to what 
his position is alleged to have been in reference to the Wilson- 
Gorman bill. The error became broadca.st, and it still survives 
to .some extent, that Mr. Gorman took the Wilson bill after 
it had reached the vSenate and ema.scnlated it, added to it, and 
struck out, so that it met the condemnation of the Chief Exec- 
utive. The facts are, as testified to by his colleagues, that 
when the Senate Democratic caucus or conference was held, 
Mr. Gorman presiding, the first man to denounce any schedule 
or any part of the Wilson-Gorman bill was a southern Senator 
who denounced the sugar schedule of that measure. The next 
Senator to denounce any .schedule in that bill was a Senator 
from my own State, denouncing the coal and iron schedule. I 
shall not go into a discussion of the reasons that animated these 
Senators. I merely cite this fact to show that Senator GoK- 
.MAN should not be anathematized for anything that was done or 
attempted to be done with the Wilson-Gorman bill. Senator 
Gorman occupied the unique position of trying to harmonize 
the different views of his Democratic colleagues, in order that 
there might be a bill agreed upon and some legislation had. 



92 Mfiuorial Addresses: Arthur P. Corniaii 

And the bill as i)as.sed represented, as I understand it, not the 
individnal <)])inion of Senator Gokmax, but it was the result of 
the attempt to harmonize the different \-ie\vs of the members of 
the dominant part>- in the vSenate. 

It is to be noted, Mr. Speaker, in viewing the history of the 
Democratic party, that it has triumphed but twice since the 
great civil war, and Aktiu'k P. Gorm.vx had more to do with 
.shaping the forces and with the management of the campaign 
that led to the first of these triumphs than an\- other man; and, 
in my judgment, he did as much as, if not more, in the other 
successful campaign than perhaps any other man. I recall 
that in one memorable campaign, when the ]iart\- was bold 
and aggressive, that .some of the leaders of the party discoun- 
tenanced the idea that Mr. Gor.ai.\n .should be promineTit in 
the party councils and in its leadership in that campaign. I 
believe, Mr. vSpeaker, that if the management of the campaign 
of 1896 had been put in the hands of Arthur P. Gorman, 
skillful and able and experienced as he was, and less skillful 
and less experienced as was the gentleman from Ohio, Mr. 
Hanna, that victory would have perched upon the Democratic 
banner. 

The per.sonal appearance of Senator Gorman was not only 
distinguished, but hand.some. His face was classical, intel- 
lectual, and attractive. It was as clear-cut and as beautiful as 
a cameo. He was manly in his bearing, yet mode.st and cour- 
teous and considerate of all of his fellows. 

While Mr. Gok.max has gone to that 

Countr\- from whosu Ixjurn 
N\) traveler returns, 

yet he has indelibly impressed himself upon the pages of the 
history of his country; and from the study of the life of this 
great man the youth of (jur country may draw hope and 



A(idrtss of Mr. Clavtmi, of .llahaiiia 93 

encouragement, however humble or poor they ma\- be. or how- 
ever circumscribed are their environments. For from a poor 
hoy of limited education he became the leader of his part>' in 
his State and in the nation. 

I learned to respect, I learned to admire him : and I sliare 
with all of his former associates the universal regret at his 
initimely departure. 



94 McDiorial Addresses: Aitlinr /'. Gorman 



Address of Mr. Towne, of New York 

Mr. Speaker; I am profonndly grateful for the opportunity 
jf participating in the tribute which this House, in obedience 
to an ancient and honorable custom, to-day paj-s to the memory 
of the distinguished late Senator from Maryland. I had not 
the opportunity of quite .so close and long a,ssociation with the 
late Senator Gokji-\n in public life as had some of tho.se .gen- 
tlemen wlio have already participated in this commemoration. 
Hut I enjoyed for a number of years the honor of a close per- 
.sonal acquaintance with him. and I recei\cd from him so man\" 
proofs of regard and confidence that this occasion has for me 
the .sanction of a privilege as well as of a dut}'. Unfortunately, 
it has not been possible for me, in the rush of other duties, to 
make that jireparation fur this occasion which its solemnity and 
interest and niv own inclination impart to it, Ijut fortunateh 
that is a lack that will not be felt. 

The addresses that are to be and that have already been 
made here this afternoon will more than supplement any inij)er- 
fection in what I myself might say. I have been particularly 
instructed and interested by tlie ilhnninating addre.ss of the 
distinguished gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Clark] , who never 
touches with deliberation anything that he does not ornament, 
and I can subscribe most heartily to the \-erdict he has given 
on the personalit>', thb genius, and the public .services of our 
distinguished friend. 

Personally, as oth.is have testified, and as everybody who 
knew him well must testif\-, Senator Gormax was a man of 
most delightful manners. Pleasure always shown upon his face 
when he met a friend. He was sincere, democratic, modest, 



Address of Mr. Tmviic, of Nc7c York 95 

with a real and not affected tli>inity. He aKva\s bore liiniself 
with that nice equipoise appropriate at once to tlie genial friend 
and the occupant of exalted public station. In respect of those 
([ualities which gave him his influence among men perliajis it 
may be well to specify as chief among all his sincerit\-, his 
al)solute reliability His word could always be depended upon 
wherever he gave it under circumstance that made it possible 
of performance. 

He believed thoroughly in the importance of duties and func- 
tions of the legislative branch of the Government. He took 
his official oath .seriously. There have been few .so strenuous 
and able defenders of the prerogatives of the vSenate and of the 
independence of the legislative department (jf the Govenuuent 
as Senator Gorman was. He knew that the practical work <jf 
legi.slation every day during a se.s.sion of Congress demands the 
careful .scrutiny of those who are responsible for it, a .scrutiny 
which must alwa>s be bestow'ed by .somebody upon the course 
of procedure in either l)od\-, but which seldom rewards the 
assiduity and attention of the conscientious legislator with any- 
thing beyond that consciousne.ss of duty well performed, which 
is, perhaps, after all, the chief reward for the doing of any good 
thing. 

In debate Senator Gorji.vn's master\- of the subject-matter; 
his skill in dialectic; his direct, succinct method of .statement; 
his interesting and captivating voice and presence, made him 
an allv to tie valued and an opponent to be feared. His equip- 
ment for legislative work was considerable, although not so 
fully rounded as might have l)een the case had he earl>- enjoyed 
wider academic opportunities. His experience in minor posi- 
tions in the service of the vSenate, his acquaintance with the 
great political leaders of his time, the earnestness with which 
he earh' threw himself into the political acti\'ities of his party, 



96 Mi'iiiDrial . Ii/i//rssrs : Ai'tliitr I'. (,<>n)iaii 

liis xreat n!einor\'. his natural logical power of classification and 
influence, e(|uippe<t him for the purpose of enforcing policies 
and securing" legislation as few contemporaries were e(iuipped. 

His st>le was direct and forcible. The distinguished gentle- 
man from Missouri [Mr. Clark] has .submitted .some observa- 
tions, of characteri.stic force and interest, upon the subject of 
oratory, a word that in my judgment is often misap])lied. I 
have known many excellent .speakers, but very few orators, and 
.still fewer great orators. Senator Gokm.\n perhaps never could 
ha\e lieen a great orator. Temperamentally he had not that 
jiower of self-infusion into his subject, that magneti.sm, that 
compelling force which characterizes masters of the art of 
persuasion. 

But in power of statement, in knowledge of what his auditor 
ought to hear, in ability to state it so that his auditor could not 
fail to iniderstand it, and in .so relating the parts of his dis- 
course as to make tliem converge to the conclusion that he de- 
sired, he was a man po.ssessed of very con.siderable art, no small 
part of the art of oratory. Referring now to temperamental 
characteristics, and recognizing fully the difference between the 
two men, his method was more like that of Alexander Hamilton 
than, let us .say, like that of Patrick Henry. His effect was the 
effect of the reason rather than of the imagination. His appeal 
was to the judgment rather than to the feelings. The very 
highest oratory, of course, eml)races both. It is very seldom 
that a man po.sses.ses both structural capacity and ornamental 
power. Like great architecture, true oratory is at once .struc- 
tural and Ijeautiful. When it is fundamentally .structural, with 
its beaut>- incident to its structure, it then approaches to the 
jierfection which we find illustrated in \-er\- few of the greatest 
masters, like Demosthenes and Daniel Webster. It certainly is 
no impugnment of a man tliat he did not reach, as a parlia- 



Address of Mr. Toumi\ of Nciv York 97 

nientary debater, the stature of the highest examples in that 
kind ; but as a practical legislative leader, as a manager and 
a tactician, it is altogether probable that we have not seen 
among his contemporaries in either branch of the National Con- 
gress the equal of the distinguished Senator from Maryland. 

As a leader in the field of general politics in the country 
he was a man eminent for his tact, for his luiderstanding of 
the political situation in every quarter of the Republic, for his 
ability to marshal his forces and use them, and aliove all, 
according to \\\y own observation and judgment, for that 
peculiar capacity that has distinguished only really great 
men, of discounting temporary misinformation, of declining to 
be guided by momentary caprice or misled l)y the ha.sty con- 
clusions of subordinates, particularly when of a startling or an 
alarming character. Emerson has .somewhere spoken of the 
nece.ssity and importance of learning what the hours are .saying 
to the centuries; and oftentimes a man whose ears are filled 
with the hubbub of controversy in his inuuediate vicinity for- 
gets the larger lessons of time and. moved by a local dis- 
turbance, may wreck jirinciples of national extent. Senator 
Gorman was a man who was never flushed by rumor, who 
never lost his head. When others were dismayed, he was 
invariably his own master, calm, cool, collected, and resource- 
ful, able to apply all the lessons of his accumulated valuable 
experience to the innnediate problem of a pressing emergency; 
one of the greatest qualifications for political leadership that a 
man can have. 

Others have spoken and this relieves me from the nece.ssity 
of doing so at any length, Mr. Speaker, of the connection of 
Senator Gorman with certain .specific acts of legi-slation. 
Attention has been properly called to the great patriotic .service 
he performed in that long contest, demanding a greater exer- 
S. Doc. 404, 59-2 7 



98 Memorial Addresses : Arthur P. (iorniaii 

cise of political sagacity, tact, and strategy than perhaps any 
other parliamentary fight in our own or any other legislative 
history. h\ which the "force bill," as it has been properly 
called, was finally defeated — a .service in which, I believe, the 
dominant opinion of the country to-day approves the feeling 
with which the South at the time greeted this tremendous 
victory. 

Reference has been made also to the tariff le.gislation in 
which Senator Gorman took .so active a j«rt. I happen to 
know the Senator's convictions upon the general subject of the 
tariff. I have no .sort of sympathy with that criticism which 
represents Senator Gorman as a .sort of Mephi.stopheles or 
Richelieu, who pretended to favor one thing while he inteniled 
to do another. His views upon the tariff question were never 
disgui.sed in any particular. He never claimed to be a free 
trader, btit openly avowed his belief that we can not frame a 
tariff system ba.sed upon the language of the general-welfare 
clause of the Constitution, but that such incidental protection 
as the inipo.sition of duties gives to the industries of the 
country is strictly appurtenant to the revenue power. 

The contention was that the statesman mu.st con.sider condi- 
tions as they exist at the time of his legislation. He was a 
very practical man. He was not for an instant a slave to a 
priori or doctrinaire abstractions. He set to work to frame 
a bill which should raise an adequate revenue without disturb- 
ing American industries. vSenator Gorman was a diplomat. 
It is true that he was not in the habit of issuing proclamations 
announcing what he was abotit to do. He never went about 
his business, when it was important business, heralded by a 
brass band. But there is a good deal of difference, Mr. 
Speaker, between reticence as to what your purposes are and 
pretense as to what they are not. Mr. Gorman's part in the 



Address of Mr. Toivnt\ of New York 99 

long-continued deliberations which resulted in I.S94 in the 
enactment of the Wilson-Gorman law has been generally rec- 
ognized. But he had scarceh' less share in the enactment of 
the interstate- commerce law of 1887, the pioneer legislation on 
a subject that has recently enjoyed so large a share of the 
attention of the Government. 

Senator Gorman has frequently I)een represented as the 
opposite to the idealist, as a man intensely materialistic and 
given to considerations of expediency rather than of fidelity 
to abstract principles. I have in mind many illustrations to 
show that this is a complete misconception of his character. 
He was an intensely practical man and believed that legisla- 
tion is a practical business. His dispo.sition was to get what 
he could, and when he could not get what he thought he 
ought to have, he compromi.sed and got all he could. Hut he 
would not comjiromise a principle. I have in mind as an 
illustration of this phase of his character and habit what 
occurred comparatively recently in regard to the Panama 
Canal. .Senator Gorman realized as vividly as anybody could 
realize what the connnercial interest of the South was in hav- 
ing an interoceanic canal, but he did not approve the method 
wherebj" the Panama route was adopted and finally secured. I 
hope it is not against the proprieties of this occasion for me to 
say that I do not believe any Democrat will blame Senator 
Gorman for taking his stand in defense of the old principles of 
the Democratic party as against yielding to what seemed a 
connnercial advantage to the Southern States. I have always 
honored him for his attitude at this juncture, and I l:>elieve 
that a very large measure of praise will ultimately be given to 
him when the hi.story of this proposition comes to be written. 

It is true, Mr. Speaker, that this great man, like all other 
men of force in affairs long prominent in the public eye, in 



lOO Mcniurial Addresses : Artliitr P. Gonna ii 

intimate association with great events in the history of their 
country, encountered much and l)itter criticism. He did not, 
indeed, object to criticism, honest criticism. He welcomed it. 
No puhhc man shrinks from honest criticism. He must l)e 
always ready to render an account to his fellow-citizens and 
to the judgment of posterity for his acts, and he nmst expect 
that his character and his deeds will pass xmder the .scrutin>- 
of men who do not agree with him anil wh(3 will willingly find 
nothing to comment on to his advantage. 

But, sir, it is, to my mind, a most .sorrowful thing that 
another kind of criticism spent its fury upon the head of the 
uncomplaining .Senator from Maryland in the last hours of his 
life. The .snarls and cries of ghouls and jackals mingled with 
the sounds of the clods that fell upon his coffin. Tlie function 
of the muck-raker, Mr. Speaker, is, properly speaking, not one 
of criticism at all. It is frankly one of pessimism, of spite, 
of hatred, of elemental, savage, indiscriminate cruelty. 

Nothing could better illustrate the extent to which the public 
judgment may be temporarily demoralized than that the opin- 
ions of so many earnest and honest men .should be swaved bv 
the mercenary rhetoric of certain brilliant but perverted minds 
in the .ser\-ice of .splenetic disappointment, groveling jealou.sy, 
and vengeful degeneracy, displayed in a.ssaults upon the char- 
acters of public men, wherein a devilish artificer seeks by one 
grain of truth to give color to a whole ocean of inference and 
allegation. I believe, Mr. .Speaker, that the time is at hand 
when we may hope to derive some public good from this 
calamity. Nearly every wrong bears in it the seeds of its own 
correction. I believe the pendulum is about to swing the 
other way. I believe the people of the United .States are 
losing patience with this tendency gratuitously to impute to 
public men the very worst motives of which their conduct is 



Addi-ess of Mr. Tozviic, of Nczv York loi 

susceptible as the result of the most ini;enious misconstruc- 
tion, and to picture practically every Member of l)oth bodies 
of the American Cougress as the secret, willing, and corrupted 
tool of interests opposed to the public welfare. As I lea\-e 
public life myself, sir, I am glad to welcome for those who 
remain a better condition of public sentiment in this respect. 
I do not know, Mr. {Speaker, what the opinions of Senator 
Gorman were touching the great issues of the hereafter. I 
do know, I think, that whatever they were they were sincerely 
and fearlessly entertained, and that, as was the case with every 
other problem that I ever knew to pre.sent itself to his mind, 
he had adjusted himself to a solution that was satisfactory to 
himself. For myself I believe as devoutly as it is pcs.sible for 
me to believe anything that the .soul of the great Senator from 
Maryland, untrammeled by the necessities and the influences 
of its temple of mortality, is to-day free, somewhere in this 
great universe, to proceed upon its unimpeded patliwa}- of 
illimitable development. I can not look upon the history of 
things as we see them recorded in geology, in the science 
of anthropology, and in the development of human institutions 
without being convinced profoundly, sir, that all that religion 
reveals and all that science ascertains are aksolutely in har- 
mony in the demonstration of this great probability ffor, in 
the nature of tilings, until some traveler comes back from that 
bourne whence none has ever yet returned we can not have 
absolute knowledge) that, whereas the earlier reaches of time 
were devoted to the evolution of the human body; and whereas, 
next in importance, the human mind absorbed the energies of 
evolutionary force; and whereas, finally, in the growth of altru- 
ism, and in the realization of the brotherhood of man, there 
began to expand the limitless possibilities of the human .soul, 
the third and crowning consummation in the long process of 



I02 Memorial Addresses: Arthur P. Gornian 

evolutional progress; and whereas conditions here on earth for 
so little a time are so adverse to the development and perfection 
of those high capacities, it is a reasonable, if not a necessary, 
conclusion, to which science as well as religion points, that there 
nuist lie reserved, in the stretches of time succeeding this mor- 
tal existence, an opportunity for the perfection of that highest 
achievement of the processes of creation, the human soul. 

And so to-day, as I pay m\' tribute of love and reverence to 
the memory of my great and departed friend, it is not as one 
who sorrows utterly, but as one who looks forward with a faith 
that is absolute to the time when he and all of us, beyond the 
trials and tribulations of mere mortality, shall be still employed 
in working out the ultimate purpo.ses of that Divine Intelli- 
gence that created everything. 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi lo: 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi 

Mr. SpKAKEk: Mort than half a century agi> there might 
liave been seen a bright-eyed, promising youth darting through 
the halls of this Capitnl, doing the errands of a page. This 
boy was Arthur Puk Oorman. 

Born of a splendid Scotch-Irish parentage almo.st under the 
shadow of this historic building, and having come in personal 
contact with nearly all the great ]>olitical leaders from Henry 
Clay to those who now move about us, and luu'ing lieen bles.sed 
by nature with a strong, incisive intellect and a winning per- 
sonality, and having acquired reasonable educational advan- 
tages, how could he have become less great? 

He spent his boyhood days in the atmosphere of eloquence 
and statesmanship; the thundering eloquence of Welxster ex- 
pounding the Constitution and the scathing logic of the gifted 
Calhoun, defending States rights, was .still ringing in the ears 
of tho.se who moved about him in his earliest boyhood days. 

At the age of 14 he was appointed a page in the United States 
Senate. The venerable Clay was still there. Sumner and 
Seward were ju.st ri.sing in their transcendent intellectual glory. 
Judah P. Benjamin, William L. Yancey, and Robert Toombs 
were among his daily preceptors. Stephen A. Douglas, the 
little giant of the West, was his personal friend and great liene- 
factor. Doubtless from this fiery, brilliant Democrat young 
Gorman acquired many of his successful traits of political 
character. In his maturer years he was the companion and 
compatriot of I,amar, Benjamin H. Hill, Randall, Conkling, 
Blaine, and Garfield, the sublimest aggregation of forensic in- 
tellectuality ever produced by any age or country. These great 



I04 Alemorial Addresses: Artlutr P. Gorman 

national characters were the associates of the late Senator 
GORIIAN from his boyhood days to the period when he reached 
the vigor of full manhood, and he seemed to have imbibed their 
successful traits of character without embracing their follies. 
In the course of time he became a parliamentary leader superior 
to either of them. If Robert E. Lee was the greatest military 
leader of the South, it can likewi.se be said that the late Senator 
Gorman was her greatest parliamentarian and political leader. 
He had the power of leading his party to victory even in the 
face of almost certain defeat. He never surrendered, however 
impending the danger or however meager the chances of 
success. 

His career scintillates with success at every turning point — 
always being equal to any emergency. His life was a continu- 
ous scene of successful progression from boyhood up. After 
serving as a page in the Senate he was made postmaster of 
that body; then internal-revenue collector for the Fifth district 
of Maryland; then a member and speaker of the Maryland 
house of delegates; then, in 1880, at the age of 41, he entered 
the greatest forum in the world, the United States Senate. In 
that body he soon rose to the leadership of his party, and after 
three successive terms he was succeeded in the Senate by 
another, though in 1903, at the very next turn of the political 
wheel in his native State, he was returned to the Senate and, 
by the unanimous consent of his Democratic colleagues, was 
restored to the leadership of his part}- — a tribute won by his 
merit and conferred in a spirit of chivalrj-. 

Mr. Speaker, many, many years will come and go ere the 
South will cease to revere the memory of this great man. In 
1 89 1, when this House, under the leadership of the iron and 
irrepressible Reed, pas.sed and sent to the Senate the Federal 
election bill — commonly known as the "force bill" — the last 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi 105 

attempted iufamy of reconstruction, the bravest of our South- 
ern statesmen despaired before the impending doom. In that 
fair section business was paralyzed; the throb of industry was 
hushed; the plowshare was left standing in the unbroken fields, 
and the spectral horrors of reconstruction again haunted every 
hamlet. 

Chilled was the blood of man}- a brave man and fair woman 
at the contemplation of the cruelties of Federal bayonets and 
African misrule. It seemed as though the last remaining ves- 
tige of vStates rights and civil liberty surviving the late civil 
war was about to be extinguished. At its crisis the vSouth 
appealed to the fair and the ju.st of every section. Many 
southern leaders seemed helpless and hopeless in the face of 
the overwhelming partisan opposition in the Senate. Not .so 
with Senator Gorman. He had an intuitive conviction of the 
justice of the cause and was sustained by an unfaltering moral 
courage, the indi.spen.sable virtue in every successful leader. 
He was bold, j'et prudent; active, yet patient; unyielding, yet 
conservative, watchful, and, above all things, as brave as the 
bravest. Unlike some other leaders he took but little part in 
the geat debate. He acted while others talked. In this re- 
spect he more nearly approximated Parnell, the great Irish 
patriot and leader, than any other modern statesman. Like 
all great leaders, Parnell summoned to his aid his greatest lieu- 
tenants to do his talking while he acted and worked. In this 
regard Senator Gorman might indeed truly have been called 
the Moses of the »Senate, while his colleagues were its Aarons. 

When the forensic battle over the force bill was raging in the 
Senate and when the high tide of partisan denunciation had 
been reached, he was not disturbed, but remained cool, delib- 
erate, and calculating. In the wild scenes of that august body 
it appeared that in him "Reason held the helm, while pas- 



io6 Memorial Addresses: .Irtliiir P. Gorman 

siou blew the gale. " Like his great military- prototype, Stoue- 
wall Jackson, who often, in the midst of the wild carnage of 
battle, would silently and quietly search about the ranks of the 
enemy for a more vulnerable point of assault, so Senator GoK- 
MAX, in the mid.st of the fray, reconnoitered the enemy's posi- 
tion, observing a weak point here and the stronghold there, and 
never failed to take prompt advantage of every position assail- 
able. His superb parliamentary tactics and leadership thwarted 
all the well-laid plans of the Senate majority, and when the 
smoke of battle had cleared away the victory was his; the force 
bill was relegated to oblivion and the country^ was free. 

Mr. Speaker, in the same grave where slumbers this attempted 
political ustirpation is buried sectional hatred. The gulf of 
malice that so long existed between the Xorth and South has 
closed fotever. The sections are united in all the ties that 
inspire national greatness: the people have learned to know 
each other better and to love each other more. Now we have 
a great common country, a homogeneous people with kindred 
hopes and united aspirations. We are like the ancient States 
of Greece, each Commonwealth a kingdom unto itself, yet con- 
tending each with the other in sacrifices for the good of the 
common country. 

The death of the force bill was the birth of .southern pros- 
perity. England's greatest historian tells us that in five years 
after the wars of Cromwell, that involved every English family 
and every foot of her .soil, the people were restored to their nor- 
mal prosperity, but it was forty j-ears after the termination of 
the late civil war before the South could realize a throbbing 
pulse of increasing prosperity. That which the ravages of war 
left was prostrated and paralyzed by the infamy of reconstruc- 
tion, but these gloomy days have passed, and the South is now 
on the liigh road to prosperity. Upon the death of the force 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi 107 

bill commenced an increasing wave of industrial develoinnent 
and onward it has rolled tmtil the wealth and industrial effort 
of that long-paralyzed section have man>- times nudtiplied. 
The energies, the aspirations of a great people long stupefied 
by the cruel apprehensions of African misrule, have been diverted 
into channels of industrial endeavor. Home rule and local 
self-government have Ijeen vouchsafed to the people of that 
section; northern capital, like the rivers into the sea, has l.)een 
flowing into that section from every quarter of the Union. 
Many noble and good people of the North and West are seek- 
ing homes in the sunny South, and they are always received with 
welcome and .soon become thoroughly assimilated to our .social 
and political conditions. 

The throb of the engine, the whir of the spindle, the ring of 
the hammer may now be heard in ever\- handet of the South; 
and the bursting granary, the contented negro in the snow- 
white cotton fields, the .screaming locomotive, the romping 
children, the lullaby of the "housewife, plying her evening 
care," all bespeak peace and industrial contentment. Too, they 
proclaim a eulogium of the deeds and virtues of the great 
departed Senator more eloquent than human tongue can utter. 
He has erected a monument in the hearts of millions that will 
chant his prai.ses along the corridors of time. The monu- 
mental shaft, .so high as to pierce the thunder's home and more 
lasting than brass, does not endure like the inscription of grati- 
tude upon the tablet of the human heart. The heroism of 
Leonidas is still fresh and green in the meuKjry of the liberty- 
loving world, while the scorpion has long been hiding in the 
ruins of monumental Greece. Emmet's martyrdom to liberty, 
though without a stone carved to his memory, will be remem- 
bered as long as Erin's blood flows in mortal veins. So the 
memory of this great tribune of the people will not vanish with 



io8 Mctiiorial Addresses : Arthur P. Gor»iaH , 

passing years. Coming generations will do him honor and 
hold up his superb life as worthy of emulation by their aspiring 
sons. 

But the defeat of the force bill was not the only public serv- 
ice rendered by Senator Gorman worthy of con.sideration. It 
will be remembered that when the Paris treaty, by which we 
acqtiired the Philippines, was sent to the Senate, he, as the 
leader of the minority in that Ijody, at once marshaled his 
forces to defeat its ratification, and many believe that he would 
have succeeded but for the intermeddling and intervention of 
others high in the counsels of the Democratic party. He 
believed that the imperialistic policy of the party in power was 
in contravention of the spirit and the letter of the Constitution 
and that it would ultimately breed disastrous consequences. 
How ominouslj- prophetic was his wisdom when viewed in the 
light of the fact that this colonial pet has cost the Government 
$700,000,000 and the lives of thousands of brave and gallant 
soldiers. This great sacrifice has been made without any 
benefit whatever to our Govenmient. The blood of the gallant 
Lawton cries out in condemnation of this infamous polic\-. At 
this very hour every wind that l)lows from the Pacific brings 
forebodings of war with Japan, and should it come, the wisdom 
of the great Senator will be doubly verified. In the future 
may we profit by his wisdom and at the very first opportunity 
pass this bitter cup to more congenial lips. 

Like all truly great men, vSenator Gor.m.a.n did not exhaust 
all his virtues in the public arena, but his character was 
equally sublime in private life. In his domestic relations he 
was loving, true, gentle, and kind. He loved his home, his 
people, and his God. He was charitable to the poor and with- 
out envy of the rich. The ragged newsboy and the hard- 
pressed laborer could always reach his manl\- heart. His 



Address of Mr. Byrd, of Mississippi 109 

generous cliarity and kind words waked "to ecstasy" the slum- 
bering ambition of many a forlorn youth. Not until the 
scrolls of eternity are unfolded will the full measure of his 
benedictions to humanity be realized. 

But his manly voice is silent. The eagle that long soared 
about the mountain's peak has been stiicken to earth. Death, 
the antithesis of life, the avenger of all, the respecter of none, 
the grim me.s.senger from — we know not where — with icy 
finger touched his heart and bade it l)e still. His majestic life, 
•Studded with the golden gems of love, charity, and patriotism 
proclaims that he went to his grave with an unfaltering trust 
in the promise of the new life flashed from Calvary's Ijrow. 
He is not dead, but has simply passed the gateway of death 
from the .scenes of his usefulness to the realms of his God. 

There is no deatli! what .seems so is transition; 

This life of mortal breath 
Is but a suburb of the life Elysiaii, 

Whose portal we call Death. 



no Memorial Addresses: Artliur P. Gorman 



Address of Mr. Goulden, of New York 

Mr. Spp;aker: Having known the late Senator Arthur 
PuE Gorman for many years, and as my forefathers for more 
than two centuries claimed Maryland as their home, I feel it a 
dut\- to add a few words to the memorj- of one of the leading 
sons of that grand old Commonwealth. 

The soil of that State is sacred to me, as it holds the dust of 
seven generations of my famil>-, and some day will be my own 
last peaceful resting place. 

Proud as I am of the achievements of the long line of illus- 
trious men of the vState, I should feel recreant to duty and false 
to the name and character of my ancestors if I did not say 
something on this occasion. 

Senator Gokm.xn was a worthy son of whom all the people 
of Maryland are justly proud. He left his impress for good, 
not alone on his native State, but upon the nation as well. 

As is usual with great men in all ages, he was frequently 
misunderstood aud his motives misconstrued. Those who knew 
him best loved him for his sterling character, for his warm, 
generous heart, his kind, loving disposition, his splendid family 
relations, as well as for his firm and unswerving loyalty to 
duty. In all walks of life, even by his political foes, he was 
respected and admired. His character, both private and public, 
was above suspicion, and his patriotism of that high order that 
should characterize every true American citizen. 

As has been so ably and eloquently said by the many distin- 
guished .speakers who have preceded me, he was one of nature's 
noblemen, a man of whom the entire country may well feel a 
just and honorable pride: one whose memory will ever fondly 



Address of Mr. Goiildcti, of New York iii 

be cherished. The people of the uatioii claim him as one of 
America's great men, and his life and work belong to them as 
well as to the State of Maryland. 

We honor ourselves and the patriotic people of the country 
by meeting here to-day to show our respect, love, and admi- 
ration for the life and achievements of our departed friend, 
Senator Arthur Pue Gorman. The magnificent tribute paid 
his memory by the Speaker of this Hou.se to-day was from one 
who knew him well. 

The sentiments found a warm respon.se in the hearts of all 
who had the honor of hearing his beautiful words to the 
memory of Senator Gorman. As an humble friend and warm 
admirer of this leading son of Maryland, I place this simple 
wreath to his memory. 



112 Memorial Addresses: Aithiir /'. Gonita)i 



Address of Mr. Gill, of Maryland 

Mr. Speaker : At the outset of niy remarks on this solemn 
occasion, I must frankly confess that I have always entertained 
a dislike for memorial proceedings of this character, and for 
that rea.son have always heretofore declined to participate in 
them. But I have been .so deeply impressed by the eulogies 
on the late Senator from Maryland, .so feelingly and impress- 
ively pronounced in the Senate yesterday, that my prejudices 
on this subject have been very much modified, if not alto- 
gether dis.sipated. The solemn proceedings in the Senate yes- 
terday have convinced me that it is not oidy fitting, but 
essential to the formation of a ju.st estimate of the public 
achievements of a man like Senator Gokm.vx that those 
who were most intimately associated with him in the work to 
which he devoted the best years of his life should be given an 
opportunity of testifying to his worth as a man and as a 
public servant. 

My own acquaintance with the deceased Senator dates back 
to the time when he served his first term in the State senate 
of Maryland, I then being a member of the Maryland house of 
delegates. As he and I ser\-ed on the joint committee made 
up of the finance committee of the senate and the ways and 
means committee of the house of delegates, I was afforded an 
excellent opportunity of learning .something of the man. I 
was not long in discovering that even at that time he was a 
man of force, ability, and character. 

His industry was proverbial. No detail in connection with 
his work was too trivial for consideration. Once haxnng mas- 
tered the details of a propo.sition he was prepared to grapple 



Adiiri-ss of Mr. Cill, , if Maryland 113 

with all the difficulties that presented themselves on the subject. 
His knowledge of human nature and his abilit>- to gauge those 
who were associated with him were marvelous. He was seldom 
unsuccessful in his efforts to convince his associates of the wis- 
dom of the particular polic>- which he thought it \\ell to pur- 
sue in order to bring about the enactment of such legislation as 
he deemed wise. The qualities which he displa>-ed at that 
early period of his legislative career foreshadowed the success 
which in later years crowned his efforts. The ri.se from the 
position of State senator to that of United States Senator was 
to him a comparatively easy task. Only a short span uf years 
intervened between his promotion t<j the Senate and his 
assumption of the leadership of the minority in that body, and 
with the duties of this dignified and respon.sible office he cou- 
yiled those of leader of the national Democracy. 

The achievements of the late .Senator Gorman as a member 
<if the United States Senate have been forcefull\' autl .so elo- 
(|Uentlv portrayed in the Senate Chamlier \esterday, by Repub- 
licans as well as Democrats, that it would be futile for anyone 
else to add anything to the eulogies which appear in the Con- 
gressional Record of to-da\-. That his services in the vSenate 
had been appreciated b\ the great mass (jf the people of the 
State which I have the honor in part to reinesent in this body 
is demonstrated by an incident which occurred during my cam- 
paign last fall. While addres.sing the largest meeting held in 
my district, at which there were about 4,0011 ]ieople jiresent, I 
referred to the force bill and to the masterly (pialities of leader- 
ship which Senator Gokman displayed on that occasion, and 
which resulted in the defeat of that measure. At the mention 
of the late Senator's name there was a greater outburst of spon- 
taneous and persistent applau.se than I e\'er heard elicited by 
the mention of the name of any of our distinguished citizens on 
similar occasions. 

S. Doc. 404, 59-2 8 



114 Mnnorial Addrcsst's : Artliiir P. Gormaii 

The c()ns])icu(jus service rendered by the lale Senator Gok- 
.MA.v in l)rinu;ing' about the defeat of the force bill earned for 
him more tlian the gratitude of his own State. This achieve- 
ment endeared him more than any other ])atriotic act in his life 
to all the people of the South and to millions of the North who 
believed that the force l>ill was fraught with tlie greatest danger 
to tlie liberties of our peojile. 

Tliat a prophet is not without honor save in his own home is 
an axiom the truth of which probably no other man in public 
life had more reason to feel than tile late Senator from Mary- 
land. His rapid attainment of the highe.st honor which his 
.State could confer upon him, while drawing to him hosts of 
loyal and faithfid friends, who were true to him to the last, also 
created man\- enemies who leveled at him the sharpest .shafts of 
satire and denunciation, yet all mu.st admit that notwithstand- 
ing the obstacles that be.set his path and the constant strife 
that waged about him he remained in the conflict to the last, 
onlv laying aside his armor and sword for the garb in which 
one is arrayed who starts on the journey from whence there is 
no return. 

The future biographer and the future historian will give to 
Arthur P. Gokm.\.n the niche in tlie Temple of Fame to which 
his public .services justly entitle liini. 

Mr. .Speaker, I a.sk unanimous consent to print in the Record 
the resolutions which I send to the Clerk's desk. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman asks unanimous 
consent to have incorporated in the Record the resolutions 
which will now be reported by the Clerk. 

The Clerk read as follows: 

RESOLUTION rN.\NIMOIISLY .\DOPTED BY THE DEMOCR.\TIC CAUCUS 

JUNE 9, 1906. 

The Democratic Senators at their first meeting in conference subsequent 
Id the death of their former honored and lieloved chairman, the late 



Address of Mr. Gill, of Maryland 115 

Senator Gorman, obc-y their unaffected impulse in the expression of their 
profound sorrow for his loss to them as their personal friend and their 
sagacious, faithful political guide in their official relations. 

A faithful friend, zealous and wise party leader, considerate and concili- 
atory and careful of the interests of all, he greatly endeared himself to 
his party associates, hv whom his memory will ever be most fondly 
cherished. 

The vSi'EAKKR pro tempore. I.s there objection? 

There was no objection. 

Mr. Gill. Mr. Speaker, I offer the resohitions which I send 
to the Clerk's desk. 

The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman from Maryland 
offers the following resolutions ; 

Resolved, That the Clerk of the House send a copy of the resolutions to 
the family of the deceased. 

Resolved, That as a further mark of respect to the memory of the 
deceased, the House do now adjourn. 



o 



p. II 'HR 



